Modeling salt movement through a Mojave Desert soil

The origin and distribution of soluble salts in the sand seas of northern China

“…6c), indicating little downward movement of these salts. Case studies about salt movement in desert soil have also shown that only 1.64% of the rainfall-leached salt can reach 1.0 m depths and that only 0.02% of the rainfall-leached salt can penetrate 2.0 m below the ground surface (Marion et al, 2008).…”

“…Consequently, they are often used to estimate the degree of eluviation and the pedogenetic intensity imposed on soils (Liu, 1985;Felix-Henningsen et al, 2008) as well as understand regional weathering processes (Petrov, 1976;Goudie and Viles, 1997;Zhu and Yang, 2009). Terrestrial carbon-salt precipitation/dissolution can play significant roles as either sinks or sources of global carbon (Marion et al, 2008) and desert inorganic salts may have greatly influenced the breakeven balance of the global carbon cycle (Stone, 2008). Due to a sensitive response to variations of local, regional or global environmental conditions such as climate and hydrology (Borchert and Muir, 1964;Smoot and Lowenstein, 1991), soluble salts in sedimentary sequences often serve as one of the environmental proxies used in evaluating the palaeoclimatic records of ocean (Krijgsman et al, 2001;Hay et al, 2006), lake Sinha and Raymahashay, 2004;Liu et al, 2008), sandy deserts (Jin and Li, 1992;Sun et al, 2008) and loess-paleosol sequences (Guo and Fedoroff, 1992;Sun et al, 2006).…”

Spatial and process-based modeling of soil inorganic carbon storage in an arid piedmont

“…This allowed Marion et al (1985) and Marion and Schlesinger (1994) to include a stochastic component in their rainfall simulation model and shorten their calculation time steps. More recently, Marion et al (2008a) have shown that including a stochastic rainfall model is, indeed, necessary for accurately modeling CaCO 3 flux through soils. The inclusion of all these various considerations has helped make the link between carbonate depth distribution and climate more widely applicable (Royer, 1999).…”

Physiological responses to salinity in Silver buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea) introduced to Qinghai high-cold and saline area, China

“…Salinity is an increasing environmental problem in the world (Debez et al 2004, Marion et al 2008, and the mechanisms of plant adaptation to stressor action is one of the leading topics of current biological studies (Radyukina et al 2007, Zheng et al 2009). The growth reduction under saline conditions is a consequence of several physiological responses, including modification of ion balance, water status, mineral nutrition, stomatal behavior, and photosynthetic efficiency (Munns 1993).…”