Modeling Plant Tissue Growth and Cell Division

Mosca, Gabriella; Adibi, Milad; Strauss, Soeren; Runions, Adam; Sapala, Aleksandra; Smith, Richard S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99070-5_7

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The simulation consists of iterations where the mechanical equilibrium is computed before each growth step 236 is specified by signal--and strain--based growth. This strategy extends previous tissue growth models 237 (Kuchen et al, 2012, Borzog et al, 2016, Boudon et al, 2015, Mosca et al, 2018. 238…”

supporting

confidence: 64%

Organ geometry channels cell fate in the Arabidopsis ovule primordium

Hernandez-Lagana

Mosca

Sato

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Sexual reproduction in multicellular organisms requires the separation of the germline from the soma. In flowering plants, the formation of spore mother cells (SMCs) marks the somatic-to-reproductive cell fate transition in floral organs. The female SMC differentiates at the apex of the ovule primordium, as a single, large, and elongated subepidermal cell. However, this singleness rule is not very robust: several SMC candidates develop in some Arabidopsis accessions and mutants. Yet, the basis of this plasticity is not understood. Here we investigate whether ovule primordium growth and overarching cellular architecture serve as an instructive cue to channel the formation of a single SMC. Combining quantitative analyses of 3D cell-based information, cell cycle reporters, and 2D growth simulations, we provide a comprehensive analysis of cell proliferation and growth events that shape ovule primordium development and SMC formation. This reveals that SMC characteristics emerge earlier than previously thought, and often for more than one cell. Thus, developmental constraints gradually canalize the fate of these cells, so that a single SMC enters meiosis ultimately. Among these constraints, we explore the contribution of dynamic cell division patterns and localized cell growth anisotropy. Consistent with 2D computational simulations, the reduction of anisotropy in katanin mutants leads to altered ovule shape and cell division patterns. Such disturbance of ovule morphology is sufficient to delay SMC canalization, as multiple cells express reproductive fate markers in katanin mutant ovules. In conclusion, we show that ovule growth and shape channel SMC fate for a single cell.

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confidence: 64%

Organ geometry channels cell fate in the Arabidopsis ovule primordium

Hernandez-Lagana

Mosca

Sato

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…S9 and SI Text, Model 3 ). By interpolating these data, we constructed a three-dimensional (3D) model of receptacle development using the keyframe method with B-splines ( 38 ) ( Fig. 8 B ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phyllotactic patterning of gerbera flower heads

Zhang

Cieslak

Owens

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

106

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Phyllotaxis, the distribution of organs such as leaves and flowers on their support, is a key attribute of plant architecture. The geometric regularity of phyllotaxis has attracted multidisciplinary interest for centuries, resulting in an understanding of the patterns in the model plants Arabidopsis and tomato down to the molecular level. Nevertheless, the iconic example of phyllotaxis, the arrangement of individual florets into spirals in the heads of the daisy family of plants (Asteraceae), has not been fully explained. We integrate experimental data and computational models to explain phyllotaxis in Gerbera hybrida. We show that phyllotactic patterning in gerbera is governed by changes in the size of the morphogenetically active zone coordinated with the growth of the head. The dynamics of these changes divides the patterning process into three phases: the development of an approximately circular pattern with a Fibonacci number of primordia near the head rim, its gradual transition to a zigzag pattern, and the development of a spiral pattern that fills the head on the template of this zigzag pattern. Fibonacci spiral numbers arise due to the intercalary insertion and lateral displacement of incipient primordia in the first phase. Our results demonstrate the essential role of the growth and active zone dynamics in the patterning of flower heads.

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“…Changes in cell geometry due to growth were simulated by representing the mechanical properties of cells using a mass-spring system and finding mechanical equilibrium ( Prusinkiewicz et al, 1990 , Chapter 7; Mosca et al, 2018 [in press] ). Equilibrium is achieved when the force

acting on each mass

is zero.…”

Section: Finite Element Methods (Fem) Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why plants make puzzle cells, and how their shape emerges

Sapala

Runions

Routier-Kierzkowska

et al. 2018

eLife

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199

263

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The shape and function of plant cells are often highly interdependent. The puzzle-shaped cells that appear in the epidermis of many plants are a striking example of a complex cell shape, however their functional benefit has remained elusive. We propose that these intricate forms provide an effective strategy to reduce mechanical stress in the cell wall of the epidermis. When tissue-level growth is isotropic, we hypothesize that lobes emerge at the cellular level to prevent formation of large isodiametric cells that would bulge under the stress produced by turgor pressure. Data from various plant organs and species support the relationship between lobes and growth isotropy, which we test with mutants where growth direction is perturbed. Using simulation models we show that a mechanism actively regulating cellular stress plausibly reproduces the development of epidermal cell shape. Together, our results suggest that mechanical stress is a key driver of cell-shape morphogenesis.

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Modeling Plant Tissue Growth and Cell Division

Cited by 14 publications

References 73 publications

Organ geometry channels cell fate in the Arabidopsis ovule primordium

Organ geometry channels cell fate in the Arabidopsis ovule primordium

Phyllotactic patterning of gerbera flower heads

Why plants make puzzle cells, and how their shape emerges

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