Modeling Organic Carbon Dynamics and Cadmium Fate in Long-Term Sludge-Amended Soil

Bergkvist, Petra; Jarvis, Nicholas

doi:10.2134/jeq2004.0181

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…As a matter of fact, legislative standards for sludge use in the United States partly depend on this PT hypothesis (Bergkvist et al, 2005). To date, the long‐term fate of metals from biosolids application is still not fully understood (Bergkvist and Jarvis, 2004; Hettiarachchi et al, 2006).…”

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Effect of Organic Matter Oxidation on the Fractionation of Copper, Zinc, Lead, and Arsenic in Sewage Sludge and Amended Soils

Stietiya

Wang

2011

J. Environ. Qual.

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Long-term land application of sewage sludge (SS) has caused concern over the potential release of trace metals into the environment following the degradation of organic matter (OM). This study was performed to assess the impact of OM degradation on the relative distribution of Cu, Zn, Pb, and As in SS and SS-amended soils. Three SSs of different ages and two soils treated with SS were subjected to incubation and direct chemical oxidation using diluted HO, followed by a sequential extraction. The majority of Cu, Pb, and As were bound to OM, whereas the majority of Zn was bound with Fe/Mn oxides for all three SSs. Incubation of SS for 6 mo did not result in a substantial decrease in OM content or a change in the relative distribution of Cu, Zn, Pb, and As. Direct OM oxidation to 30 and 70% by diluted HO resulted in a significant decrease in organically bound Cu but increased its exchangeable, carbonate-bound, and Fe/Mn-bound fractions. Oxidation of OM slightly decreased organically bound Zn but significantly increased exchangeable Zn in all SSs. Oxide- and carbonate-bound Zn also decreased following OM oxidation. Exchangeable fractions of As and Pb were minute before and after OM degradation, indicating that release into the environment would be unlikely. The relative distribution of Cu, Zn, Pb, and As in SS-treated soils was similar to that of SS, suggesting a dominant role of SS properties in controlling metal distribution following OM oxidation. Overall, OM oxidation increased the mobility and bioavailability of Zn and Cu, whereas it had less impact on Pb and As.

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Organic Matter Oxidation on the Fractionation of Copper, Zinc, Lead, and Arsenic in Sewage Sludge and Amended Soils

Stietiya

Wang

2011

J. Environ. Qual.

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“…Although repeated direct measurements of crop Cd after termination of biosolids application may provide evidence of biosolids safety, alternative approaches that allow for the projection of the future effect have also been undertaken (Bergkvist and Jarvis, 2004). Using soils collected from fields where biosolids had been applied at substantial cumulative application rates, it was established that the slopes of Cd adsorption isotherms of long‐term biosolids‐amended soils were greater than those of paired unamended soils (Li et al, 2001; Hettiarachchi et al, 2003).…”

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Phytoavailability of Cadmium in Long‐Term Biosolids‐Amended Soils

et al. 2010

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Agronomic use of biosolids has raised concern that plant availability of biosolids-Cd will increase with time after cessation of biosolids application. It has been demonstrated that chemical extractability of Cd is persistently decreased in biosolids-amended soils. This study was conducted to determine if Cd phytoavailability in long-term biosolids-amended soils was also persistently decreased. Paired control and biosolids-amended soils were collected from three experimental sites where large cumulative rates of biosolids were applied about 20 yr ago. The pH of all soils [in 0.01 mol L(-1) Ca(NO(3))(2)] was adjusted to 6.5 +/- 0.2. Increasing rates of Cd-nitrate (from 0 to 10.0 mg Cd kg(-1) soil) enriched in (111)Cd stable isotope were added to all soils, and Romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longifolia Lam.) was grown in pots to bioassay phytoavailable Cd. After harvest, Cd concentrations in shoots and labile pool of Cd (Cd(L)) in soils were determined. The relationship between added salt-Cd and Cd concentrations in lettuce shoots was linear for all soils tested. Ratios of (shoot Cd):(soil Cd) slopes were highest in the control soils. Biosolids amendment decreased (shoot Cd):(soil Cd) slopes to varied extent depending on biosolids source, properties, and application rate. The decrease in slope in comparison to the control was an indication of the lower phytoavailability of Cd in biosolids-amended soils. A significant negative correlation existed between Cd uptake slopes and soil organic matter, free and amorphous Fe and Al oxides, Bray-P, and soil and plant Zn. Biosolids-Cd was highly labile (%L 80-95) except for Fulton County soil (%L = 61).

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“…Only dissolved Cd can be transferred to plants. The relationship between the sorbed and dissolved phase depends strongly on soil properties such as pH, organic carbon content, and clay content (Bergkvist and Jarvis, 2004; Krishnamurti and Naidu, 2003; Streck and Richter, 1997).…”

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A Regional‐Scale Study on the Crop Uptake of Cadmium from Sandy Soils

Ingwersen

Streck

2005

J of Env Quality

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Plant uptake is one of the major pathways by which cadmium (Cd) in soils enters the human food chain. This study was conducted to investigate the uptake of Cd by crops from soils within the wastewater irrigation area (WIA) of Braunschweig (Germany) and to develop a simple process-oriented model that is suited to predict Cd uptake at the regional scale. The sandy soils within the WIA (4300 ha) have received considerable loads of heavy metals by irrigation using municipal wastewater for up to 40 years. In 1998 and 1999, we sampled soil and plant material at 40 potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), 40 sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), and 32 winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields. In both years and for all three crops, we found close linear relationships between the Cd content of plant material and the Cd concentration in soil solution. For all three crops, we observed a trend of relatively increased Cd uptake in the year with the higher saturation deficit of the atmosphere. We interpret this to indicate that transpiration plays an important role in the Cd uptake of crops under the conditions of the WIA. In modeling the uptake of Cd by crops, we assume that uptake is proportional to mass flow, that is, the product of water transpired, Cd concentration in soil solution, and a plant-specific empirical parameter. The simulations agreed well with the observed Cd contents in crops. Our model explained between 66 and 87% of the observed variance.

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Modeling Organic Carbon Dynamics and Cadmium Fate in Long-Term Sludge-Amended Soil

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Organic Matter Oxidation on the Fractionation of Copper, Zinc, Lead, and Arsenic in Sewage Sludge and Amended Soils

Effect of Organic Matter Oxidation on the Fractionation of Copper, Zinc, Lead, and Arsenic in Sewage Sludge and Amended Soils

Phytoavailability of Cadmium in Long‐Term Biosolids‐Amended Soils

A Regional‐Scale Study on the Crop Uptake of Cadmium from Sandy Soils

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