Modeling of Trabecular Bone and Lamina Dura Following Selective Alveolar Decortication in Rats

Abstract

Background: Modifying the balance between resorption and apposition through selectively injuring the cortical plate of the alveolus has been an approach to speed tooth movement and is referred to as periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics. The aim of this study was to investigate the alveolar response to corticotomy as a function of time and proximity to the surgical injury in a rat model.

Elevation of a full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap alone accelerates orthodontic tooth movement

“…Decreases in bone volume fraction and density have been shown to be associated with the RAP effect to varying degrees. 69,86,88 A flapless piezocision experiment in the beagle maxilla by Ruso et al shows a similar trend in changes in the medullary bone regarding bone volume fraction and material density compared to the present study. 89 While the material density of the bone in the present study was less on the experimental side compared to the control side it was not statistically significant.…”

“…It is likely that the differences between the experimental and control sides that must have occurred were no longer apparent eight weeks after flap elevation. Sebaoun et al 86 in a rat corticotomy study showed that osteoclast count was not different from that in control bone at seven and eleven weeks post-surgery. In contrast, McBride et al 69 showed a significantly greater number of osteoclasts present at nine weeks post-surgery, on the side of the jaw that had the more extensive surgical insult.…”

“…[65][66][67] The increase in the rate of tooth movement is through the induction of the regional acceleratory phenomenon (RAP). 86 Corticotomy procedures insult the bone in two ways: elevation of a full-thickness and also found no effect on the rate of tooth movement. The extent of cortical bone damage in these studies was similar to the extent of cortical bone damage associated with traditional corticotomy procedures, which accelerate tooth movements.…”

Treatment outcome analysis of speedy surgical orthodontics for adults with maxillary protrusion

“…Comparatively, the surgical design of corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics uses a perisegmantal corticotomy around 1 tooth to create block bone movement to facilitate individual tooth movement. The surgical plan of accelerated osteogenic orthodontics uses numerous perforation corticotomies around each tooth to produce Frost's regional acceleratory phenomenon effect, 24,25 which is in turn used to facilitate individual tooth movement (described by Sebaoun et al, 30 presenting the systemic and histologic evidence that tooth movement is facilitated after multiple corticotomies around the tooth, attributed to a demineralization and remineralization phenomenon rather than a bony block movement). The perisegmental corticotomy of Chung's speedy surgical orthodontic is used to produce the bone-bending effect of a multiple toothembedding bony block.…”

Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontics: A Review of the Literature

“…Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), influenced by increased alveolar bone metabolism and decreased bone density, was demonstrated to be in correlation with bone turnover rate as high bone turnover significantly increased the rate of OTM. 21,22 A sum of data have stated that catabolic activity mediated by osteoclasts limits the rate of OTM and PDL plays a crucial role in this process. 22 In parallel, several histologic researches have supported the pressure/tension theory, which relies on the emergence of local bone resorption (pressure) and bone apposition (tension) sides during OTM.…”