Modeling of Spiral Wound Membranes for Gas Separations—Part II: Data Reconciliation for Online Monitoring

Abstract

The present work presents a methodology based on data reconciliation to monitormembrane separation processes reliably, online and in real time for the first time. The proposed methodology was implemented in accordance with the following steps: data acquisition; data pre-treatment; data characterization; data reconciliation; gross error detection; and critical evaluation of measured data with a soft sensor. The acquisition of data constituted the sloweststage of the monitoring process, as expected in real-time applications. The pre-treatment stage was fundamental to assure the robustness of the code and the initial characterization of collected datawas carried out offline. The characterization of the data showed that steady-state modeling of the process would be appropriate, also allowing the implementation of faster numerical procedures for the data reconciliation step. The data reconciliation step performed well, quickly and consistently. Thus, data reconciliation allowed the estimation of unmeasured variables, playing the role of a soft sensor and allowing the future installation of a digital twin. Additionally, monitoring of measurement bias constituted a tool for measurement diagnosis. As shown in the manuscript, the proposedmethodology can be successfully implemented online and in real time for monitoring of membrane separation processes, as shown through a real dashboard web application developed for monitoring of an actual industrial site.

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