Modeling of Q-switched lasers with top-hat pump beam distribution

Li, S.T.; Zhang, X.Y.; Wang, Q.P.; Li, P.; Chang, Jun; Zhang, X.L.; Cong, Z.H.

doi:10.1007/s00340-007-2682-y

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The two methods of stress analysis are shown to be in quantitative agreement. NMR has been used previously to assess stress and strain qualitatively in composites [5][6][7] ͑specifically, multilayer films͒ and in amorphous films, 8 but in this study we determined quantitatively residual stress by NMR in a bulk composite. Finally, we estimate the stress induced change of the refractive index of the NaF crystals by first principles calculations and discuss the possible effect of these changes on the overall optical properties of PTR glass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual internal stress in partially crystallized photothermorefractive glass: Evaluation by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and first principles calculations

Zwanziger

Werner‐Zwanziger

Zanotto

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Physics

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In some circumstances, the mechanical and optical properties of multiphase brittle materials strongly depend on the level of residual micromechanical stresses that arise upon cooling due to thermal and elastic mismatch between the constituent phases. Here we study the residual internal stress in a partially crystallized oxyfluoride glass, best known as photothermorefractive ͑PTR͒ glass. This material is composed of a glass matrix with embedded nanosize sodium fluoride ͑NaF͒ crystals. Using both the Selsing model and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance in combination with first principles calculations we found that the crystals are under a tensile stress field of approximately 610-800 MPa. For this stress level the estimated critical crystal diameter for spontaneous cracking is about 2300-1900 nm, which greatly exceeds the observed diameters of 7-35 nm. Hence no spontaneous cracking is expected for the PTR glasses. First principles calculations indicate that the stress induced change of the refractive index of the NaF crystals is about −0.08%, which agrees with the observed refractive index changes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual internal stress in partially crystallized photothermorefractive glass: Evaluation by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and first principles calculations

Zwanziger

Werner‐Zwanziger

Zanotto

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…The laser beam M 2 factor was 1.65 for the pump of Nd:YAG/Cr 4+ :YAG with PL1, and amounted to 2.9 and 3.15 for the beams delivered by Nd:YAG/Cr 4+ :YAG using the pump lines PL2 and PL3, respectively. In order to explain the laser pulse characteristics, the rate-equation model for passively Q-switched operation [19,20] was modified such to include the influence of pump-beam spot size on the output performances [21,22]. The pump beam was assumed to have a top-hat distribution of radius w p and the laser beam was taken as Gaussian with a spot size of radius w g .…”

Section: Experimental Conditions Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of high-peak power 532-nm green pulses from composite, all-ceramics, passively Q-switched Nd:YAG/Cr⁴⁺:YAG laser

Salamu¹,

Ionescu²,

Brandus³

et al. 2013

SPIE Proceedings

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Laser pulses at 1.06 µm with 2.5-mJ energy and 3.1-MW peak power have been obtained from a composite, all-polycrystalline ceramics, passively Q-switched 1.1-at.% Nd:YAG/Cr 4+ :YAG laser that was quasi-continuous-wave pumped with diode lasers. Single-pass frequency doubling with LiB 3 O 5 nonlinear crystal at room temperature yielded green laser pulses at 532 nm with energy of 0.36-mJ and 0.45-MW peak power; the infrared-to-green conversion efficiency was 0.27.

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“…This investigation was among the most excellent ever obtained for the Suzuki reaction with NPs of heterogeneous magnetic Pd. Actually, many systems of magnetic Pd NP were applied for the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling, but 0.054–3 mol% Pd was required by most of them 73 and only a few samples worked using a less amount of catalyst. In addition, the washing quantity of just 0.3% for a cycle led to contamination by 0.6 ppm of Pd in the product, and the biological molecule synthesis such as felbinac (4 h) was invaluable.…”

Section: Catalytic Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syntheses and structures of magnetic nanodendrimers and their catalytic application in organic synthesis

Kalantari

Rezayati

Ramazani

et al. 2023

Applied Organom Chemis

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Magnetic nanoparticles have been proved as a tremendously powerful synthetic tool to achieve a milder process for the organic transformations and also suggested many potentialities in biomedical applications. They have an important role in the human health, environment protection, and energy resource management. Excellent reusability, easy separation of nanosized catalysts, and stability are the significant advantages of these catalysts. Hence, detailed studies on their synthesis mechanism for both chemical transformations and biomedical applications are crucial. In this review, we described a brief introduction of the dendrimers and various methods that are used for their synthesis, followed by the discussion of the syntheses and structures of magnetic nanodendrimers and their catalytic application in organic synthesis. We accordingly embarked on the studies on their synthesis mechanism for chemical transformations especially their surface modification since 2001.

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Modeling of Q-switched lasers with top-hat pump beam distribution

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Residual internal stress in partially crystallized photothermorefractive glass: Evaluation by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and first principles calculations

Residual internal stress in partially crystallized photothermorefractive glass: Evaluation by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and first principles calculations

Generation of high-peak power 532-nm green pulses from composite, all-ceramics, passively Q-switched Nd:YAG/Cr⁴⁺:YAG laser

Syntheses and structures of magnetic nanodendrimers and their catalytic application in organic synthesis

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Modeling of Q-switched lasers with top-hat pump beam distribution

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Residual internal stress in partially crystallized photothermorefractive glass: Evaluation by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and first principles calculations

Residual internal stress in partially crystallized photothermorefractive glass: Evaluation by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and first principles calculations

Generation of high-peak power 532-nm green pulses from composite, all-ceramics, passively Q-switched Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG laser

Syntheses and structures of magnetic nanodendrimers and their catalytic application in organic synthesis

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Generation of high-peak power 532-nm green pulses from composite, all-ceramics, passively Q-switched Nd:YAG/Cr⁴⁺:YAG laser