Modeling of local gas transport in catalyst layers of PEM fuel cells

Mashio, Tetsuya; Iden, Hiroshi; Ohma, Atsushi; Tokumasu, Takashi

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.02.045

Cited by 49 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…It is clear that a thin film's internal and surface morphology poses significant limitations to transport and overall device performance [7,27,33,56,57,62,65,91]. Due to similar transport limitations between the Nafion electrolyte films formed in PEFC electrodes [6,7,9,11,14,18,92] and Nafion thin films [20,27,32,33,36,57,91], thin films are used as model systems to investigate and model electrode ionomers [1,2,7]. Key for electrode performance is good oxygen permeability with proton conductivity across/through an ionomer thin film on and between carbon/Pt agglomerates.…”

Section: Structure/property Relationship and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current state of CL diagnostics data suggests that the local resistance arising from the ionomer/Pt interfaces in CL decreases with increasing Pt loading, [1,2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] exemplifying how the performance and cost could be intertwined [1,7] (also see the chapter by Anu Kongkanand). The overall reaction rate in the cathode CL is slow due to the formation of water, the four-electron process of O 2 reduction, and the use of air as the O 2 carrier, thereby resulting in dramatic performance losses.…”

Section: Introduction: Ionomers In Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1). Hence, an ionomer's gas transport functionality exhibits a striking contrast between PEM (gas impermeable) and CL (gas permeable), understanding and optimization of which is critical for cell design and performance [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introduction: Ionomers In Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Role of ionomers in PEM fuel cells as an ion-conducting polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) and catalyst ionomer in the electrodes parameters, such as the ratio of carbon to ionomer (C/I), porosity, Pt loading, as well as CL fabrication method. Thus, the ionomer thickness (distribution) is likely to change with the ionomer fraction in the CL, which affects the surface area and mass activity of CL therein [10][11][12]17]. Similarly, water uptake behavior of catalyst ionomer changes with C/I ratio [3,9,10,17,18], type of carbon support [6], Pt loading [18], as well as pretreatment [18].…”

Section: Introduction: Ionomers In Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ionomer Thin Films in PEM Fuel Cells

Kusoglu¹

2017

Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology

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Section: Structure/property Relationship and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction: Ionomers In Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introduction: Ionomers In Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction: Ionomers In Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ionomer Thin Films in PEM Fuel Cells

Kusoglu¹

2017

Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology

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“…It is significantly important to optimize the configuration of the catalyst layer (CL) and achieve the efficient delivery of reactants and products in reaction interface [3,4]. Over the last decade, extensive efforts have been paid to reducing the catalyst cost by using low Pt loading in the cathode, resulting in the decease of active sites and the increase of oxygen transfer resistance for ORR [5][6][7][8]. Meanwhile, the Nafion ionomer is widely used in the CL to stabilize the Pt-based catalyst and to improve the reaction interface for proton conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical study of temperature and Nafion effects on interface property for oxygen reduction reaction

Chen

Zhong²,

et al. 2018

Ionics

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With the growth of new energy economy, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has great potential to be success. However, the lack of high-performance catalyst layer (CL) especially at cathode limits its applications. It is becoming increasingly important to understand interface property during electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, the rotating disk electrode (RDE) method is developed to study the temperature and Nafion ionomer content effects on interface formed between Nafion and Pt/C. The results show that the temperature has the significant influence on electrochemical active sites, charging double capacitance, and reaction polarization resistance at low Nafion content region. Excess Nafion loaded in CLs will turn to self-reunion and increase the exposed active sites. We find that the optimum Nafion loading is in the range of 30 to 40 wt.%. The highest specific activity we achieve is 107.8 μA/cm 2 .Pt at 60°C with 0.4 of ionomer/catalyst weight ratio, corresponding to the kinetic current 283.5 μA at 0.9 V. This finding provides new insights into enhancing the Pt utilization and designing high-efficiency catalysts for ORR.

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Metal–Organic Framework‐Derived N‐Doped Carbon with Controllable Mesopore Sizes for Low‐Pt Fuel Cells

Huang

Chen

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Mesoporous structure of carbon materials plays an important role in electrocatalyst design. Constructing carbon supports with tunable mesopores has long been a challenge. Herein, the elaborate regulation of mesopores in N‐doped carbon materials is reported by pyrolyzing energetic metal‐triazolate (MET) frameworks with different particle sizes and at different ramp rates. Higher thermal transfer rates brought about by smaller particle size and higher ramp rate lead to more violent decomposition with a large number of gases producing, which in turn result in larger mesopores in the derivatives. Consequently, a series of N‐doped carbon materials with controllable mesopores are obtained. As a proof‐of‐concept, ultrafine Pt nanoparticles are enveloped inside these mesopores to acquire high‐performance electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. The optimized catalyst achieves high mass activity of 1.52 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 ViR‐free and peak power density of 0.8 W cm−2 (H2‐Air) with an ultralow Pt loading of 0.05 mgPt cm−2 at cathode in fuel cells, highlighting the great advantages of MET‐derived carbon materials with controllable mesopores in the preparation of advanced electrocatalysts.

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Modeling of local gas transport in catalyst layers of PEM fuel cells

Cited by 49 publications

References 57 publications

Ionomer Thin Films in PEM Fuel Cells

Ionomer Thin Films in PEM Fuel Cells

Electrochemical study of temperature and Nafion effects on interface property for oxygen reduction reaction

Metal–Organic Framework‐Derived N‐Doped Carbon with Controllable Mesopore Sizes for Low‐Pt Fuel Cells

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