Modeling of interstitial microwave hyperthermia for hepatic tumors using floating sleeve antenna

Abstract

Microwave hyperthermia is a treatment modality that uses microwaves to destroy cancer cells by increasing their temperature to 41-45°C. This study aims to design, modeling, and simulation of a microwave sleeve antenna for hepatic (liver) hyperthermia. Method: The designed antenna resonated at 2.45 GHz. The antenna was tested in six different 3D liver models: Model A: without a tumor and blood vessels; Model B: with a realistic tumor (2×3 cm) and without blood vessels; Model C: created by adding blood vessels to model B; Model D: created by adding a small tumor (1.5×1.5 cm) to model C and changed its location; Model E: same as model C with a different tumor size; Model F: model with a simple spherical tumor (1.5×1.5 cm). Results:The return loss of the antenna varied from -45 dB to -25 dB for the 6 models. The Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) was between 29 W/kg to 30W/kg in the tumors and below 24 W/Kg in the surrounding tissues. The tumors' temperature elevated to 43-45°C, while the temperature of the surrounding tissues was below 41°C. Conclusions:The results showed the capability of the designed antenna to raise the temperature of hepatic tumors to the therapeutic ranges of hyperthermia.

Application of Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia for Cancer Treatment—The Current State of Knowledge

“…Interstitial HT is based on heat generated via a metal antenna made of ferromagnetic material to increase the temperature of tumor tissues [ 11 , 12 ]. However, this method is highly invasive, painful, and can lead to necrosis as far as 1–2 cm from the applied heat source [ 13 ]. Since heat generated by conventional HT methods is distributed in a chaotic manner, improved methods are needed to minimize thermal damage to surrounding healthy tissues.…”

Utilizing a Floating Sleeve Antenna for Interstitial Microwave Hyperthermia Treatment of Superficial and Deep-seated Breast Tumors

“…In this section, we present the methodological framework adopted for our study, which aims to evaluate the applicability of interstitial microwave hyperthermia in the treatment of breast tumors. Our research builds upon a previously established foundation involving the design of a oating sleeve antenna for hepatic tumors, as comprehensively documented in our prior publication [13]. In this study, two distinct 3D breast models were used.…”

“…The material properties of the gland of the simple model are illustrated in the table, while the properties for the 100 broconnective/glandular tissues of the realistic model can be found in [19]. It has been reported that breast tumors tend to have gradually lower perfusion and higher basal metabolic rates than the surrounding normal tissues [13,19,20]. Therefore, in both models, we consider the blood ow coe cient and the basal metabolic rate of the tumor to be 5 times less and 20 times more than that of the gland tissues, respectively.…”

“…It has been demonstrated for microwave ablation where a higher temperature is achieved [12]. We have previously designed a oating sleeve antenna for interstitial microwave hyperthermia and tested it for hepatic cancer using a 3D realistic liver model [13].…”