Modeling of Film Distillation with Membrane Condenser for Treatment of Reverse Osmosis Concentrate under Vietnam Tropical Conditions

Film Distillation with a Porous Condenser for Seawater Desalination: Evaluation of Materials’ Stability in the Tropical Climate of Vietnam

“…For some of the samples presented, in particular ABS, Polyamide-6, and Stainless steel SS305, the pipeline elements and fittings were studied earlier, and the results of the study were presented in [ 11 ]. A polyelectrolyte material, polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride, used in this study was synthesized at TIPS RAS in accordance to the method described in [ 28 ], deposited on the layered clay mineral montmorillonite (abbreviated PHMGH-MMT).…”

“…Taking into account the previous experience in the development of FD-PC modules [ 11 , 23 ], a combined surface consisting of a base made of polymer material PETG with a soldered polyethylene mesh that ensures the spreading of the treated solution over the evaporation surface was used. As a result ( Figure 3 ), it was possible to obtain an evaporating surface having the qualities of a solid plate, but with almost 100% of the surface area of the liquid spreading; the parameters of the selected mesh were as follows: thickness 0.6 mm, cells 0.3 × 0.3 mm, and irrigation area: ~100%.…”

“…The principle of operation of the FD-PC installation model was described in detail in previous articles by a team of authors on the subject of membrane and film distillation [ 11 , 17 , 27 ]. Below ( Figure 5 ) is a schematic diagram of the FD-PC installation model.…”

“…Unfortunately, reverse osmosis (RO) has a number of disadvantages, especially for application in remote areas with a shortage of electricity, and requires seawater pretreatment, elevated pressures, and utilization of brine solution [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Bearing this in mind, the membrane-assisted distillation process can be considered as a potential alternative to RO, which does not require high-pressure operation and can utilize waste heat or solar radiation [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. However, membrane distillation can be successfully operated once the membrane pores are not wetted by the water, which makes it difficult to maintain it during long-term operation because of fouling issues.…”

“…Therefore, this implementation of the process makes it possible to achieve high process efficiency regardless of the complexity of the composition of saline water. A thin film distillation system can be used for the treatment of high salinity and complex mixtures by using low-pressure circulation pumps [ 11 , 17 ]. Besides, this system is flexible in operation and does not require a high constant temperature; therefore, the solar collectors with a sufficiently high efficiency can be used as a heating element in the case of a relatively small difference between the heated solution and the air temperature.…”