Modeling of Emergency Evacuation in Building Fire

Abstract

Abstract. One of the main problems of rescue workers in confrontation of fired complex buildings is the lack of sufficient information about the building indoor environment and their emergency exit ways. Building information modeling (BIM) is a database for building a 3D model of building information to create a 3D building geometry network model. This paper has implemented some GIS and BIM integration analyses to determine the shortest and safest paths to people under fire risk and simulate their movement in the building. Plasco building was a multi-story shop in Tehran which has been fired in 2017 and destroyed. This paper attempts to simulate the firefighting and rescue operations in Plasco Building using an integration of BIM and GIS. There is no detailed information about the building and the fire incident, therefore the developed BIM and corresponding geometric network might differ slightly. The shortest and safest paths to the exit door or windows where the fire ladders are located are computed and analyzed. As a result of 15 scenarios developed in this paper, it was found that at 87% of the cases, the safest paths for the emergency exit of the people at risk were longer than the shortest paths. This study has evaluated different scenarios for the shortest and safest paths using Dijkstra algorithm considering different origins and destination points in the 3D indoor environment to assist the rescue operations.

Earthquake Prediction Evaluation Based on VLF Data Using a Novel Intersection-Union Method

“…In fact, in the fifth Fresnel zone of all the propagation paths related to that receiver or transmitter, perturbation should be observed; therefore, in a receiver or transmitter, even if one of the related propagation paths is not perturbed, a radius of 300 km is not considered and there would be no possibility of earthquake occurrence in that area. A VLF/LF network is a combination of the shapes presented in GIS provide the spatio-temporal capabilities that can be used in many disciplines (Bayat et al, 2020;Eslamimezhad and Delavar, 2019). In this research a method for approximating the probable location of an earthquake occurrence based on the general configuration of a VLF/LF network is proposed which is called Intersection-Union method.…”

Intelligent Evacuation Sign Control Mechanism in IoT-Enabled Multi-Floor Multi-Exit Buildings

“…Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm is used to identify the best route based on the risk score associated with each link. In [ 41 ]’s research, a comparison between the safest and shortest paths revealed that the safest route is often longer than the shortest route in most tested scenarios. In [ 15 ], Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm is performed on a server to determine the evacuation route, and a control signal is sent to an 8 8 RGB Arduino matrix panel to show the evacuation direction.…”

Status quo and challenges and future development of fire emergency evacuation research and application in built environment

“…One of the major determinants of fire evacuation in built environments is facility physical features. Building Information Modeling (BIM) provides graphical interface for user interaction and geometric information of the building scene, which acts as a data input for fire evacuation simulation computing (Bayat et al 2020;Bina and Moghadas 2020;Chen and Chu 2016;Chen and Huang 2014;Chen et al 2018;Cheng et al 2017;Choi et al 2014;Fu and Liu 2020;Isikdag et al 2013;Li et al 2014;Ma and Wu 2020;Mirahadi et al 2019;Rüppel et al 2010;Sun and Turkan 2020;Wang et al 2012;Yenumula et al 2015). Bi et al (2013) stated that BIM has the advantage of 3D visual modeling and detailed geometric information model of the building structure, components, equipment's etc.…”