Modeling of electrochromic processes

Nagai, Junichi; McMeeking, Graham D.

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(99)00035-3

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In fact, the key to Fick’s law is the diffusion coefficient of Li + ions in the electrochromic films. Nagai et al presented a technology to determine the diffusion coefficient using a finite diffusion model in the electrochromic process . Based on the framework of electrochemical theory and the ionic diffusion model (E–D model), coupling of multiphysics was an effective way to expand the electrochromic model, and the finite element method (FEM) can provide a powerful calculation for complex multiphysics electrochromic models .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nagai et al presented a technology to determine the diffusion coefficient using a finite diffusion model in the electrochromic process. 13 Based on the framework of electrochemical theory and the ionic diffusion model (E−D model), coupling of multiphysics was an effective way to expand the electrochromic model, and the finite element method (FEM) can provide a powerful calculation for complex multiphysics electrochromic models. 14 In addition, some other electrochromic models were also proposed based on assumptions and empirical equations, such as the transmittance versus potential (T−E) empirical model, 15 adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference model, 16 charge versus current empirical (Q−I) model, 17 machine learning model, 18 and so forth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Simulation Model of WO₃ Electrochromic Films Based on Continuous Electron-Transfer Kinetics and Experimental Verification

Zhang

Guo

Shen

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) electrochromic devices have attracted a lot of interest in the energy conservation field and have shown a preliminary application potential in the market. However, it is difficult to quantitatively direct experiments with the existing electrochromic theoretical models, which can restrict the further development of electrochromism. Here, an electrochromic physical simulation model of WO 3 films was built to solve the above problem. Experimentally, the actual electrochromic kinetics of WO 3 in the LiClO 4 /propylene carbonate electrolyte was determined as a continuous electron-transfer process by cyclic voltammetry measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. Theoretically, the continuous electron-transfer process, Li + -ion diffusion process, and the transmittance change process were described by a modified Butler−Volmer equation, Fick's law, and charge versus coloration efficiency/bleaching efficiency coupling equation, respectively. The comparisons between theoretical and experimental data were conducted to verify this model. The shape of the simulated current curves was basically consistent with that of experiments. Besides, the difference of transmittance between the simulation and experiments was less than 8%. The difference between theory and experiment was attributed to the influence of the electric double layer and the actual reaction interface. The success of the simulation was attributed to the accurate description of the electrochromic process by continuous electron-transfer kinetics. This model can be applied in the research of electrochromic mechanisms, experimental result prediction, and novel device development due to its clear physical nature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Simulation Model of WO₃ Electrochromic Films Based on Continuous Electron-Transfer Kinetics and Experimental Verification

Zhang

Guo

Shen

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Computer modeling envisages us to design the electrochromic device structure in terms of materials selection, performance enhancement, electrochromic layers design, and so on. Nagai and McMeeking modeled the electrochromic processes for electrochromic thin films for the first time 31 . They have used finite‐diffusion model to study the ionic transport in electrochromic thin films.…”

Section: Theoretical Models On Performance Evaluation Of Electrochrom...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review on tungsten oxide nanostructures‐based electrochromic supercapacitors and machine learning models for design and process parameter optimization

Thomas¹,

Cherusseri

Khalid

2023

Energy Storage

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Electrochromism has received significant research recently due to its unique electrochromic feature for various applications such as smart buildings, smart doors, e‐skins, display devices, and so forth. Transition metal oxides are the major choice as electrode materials for electrochromic devices. Among the various electrochromic oxides available so far, tungsten oxide (WO3) achieves great interest due to its peculiar properties such as high coloration efficiency, low‐cost, high stability, and so forth. WO3 is an example of cathodic electrochromic material in which the material gets color under ion insertion. In this review article, we discuss the recent developments in WO3‐based electrochromic supercapacitors. Initially, the synthesis and characterizations of WO3 are discussed, and later the electrochromic performance evaluation using various electrochemical characterization tools, such as cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling, and so on, was reviewed. Furthermore, various theoretical models that describe the performance of electrochromic supercapacitors are explained in detail. Finally, the future perspectives of WO3‐based electrochromic supercapacitors are discussed. The most recent advances in machine learning (ML) are being utilized to investigate the mechanism and enhance the strategic performance of WO3 in the field of electrochromic. There is ongoing research in developing ML models for predicting the optimal design of electrochromic supercapacitors in terms of both material selection and performance parameters. Such models are essential in the pursuit of next‐generation smart windows, which are integral to the construction of sustainable buildings and the creation of a more environment‐friendly planet.

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“…was investigated using the finite diffusion model. 14 Lusis et al developed a model elucidating the dependence of coloration phenomenon on the constitution, the composition of the film, the atomic structure, and the size of tungsten oxide particles. 15 A model was offered to explain the mechanism of the EC process in amorphous tungsten trioxide thin films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, lithium ion transport behavior in diverse EC layers (such as WO 3 , NiO, etc.) was investigated using the finite diffusion model . Lusis et al developed a model elucidating the dependence of coloration phenomenon on the constitution, the composition of the film, the atomic structure, and the size of tungsten oxide particles .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Machine Learning Models on Performance of Single- and Dual-Type Electrochromic Devices

et al. 2020

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This study shows that the model fitting based on machine learning (ML) from experimental data can successfully predict the electrochromic characteristics of single- and dual-type flexible electrochromic devices (ECDs) by using tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ) and WO 3 /vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ), respectively. Seven different regression methods were used for experimental observations, which belong to single and dual ECDs where 80% percent was used as training data and the remaining was taken as testing data. Among the seven different regression methods, K -nearest neighbor (KNN) achieves the best results with higher coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) score and lower root-mean-squared error (RMSE) for the bleaching state of ECDs. Furthermore, higher R 2 score and lower RMSE for the coloration state of ECDs were achieved with Gaussian process regressor. The robustness result of the ML modeling demonstrates the reliability of prediction outcomes. These results can be proposed as promising models for different energy-saving flexible electronic systems.

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Modeling of electrochromic processes

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Physical Simulation Model of WO₃ Electrochromic Films Based on Continuous Electron-Transfer Kinetics and Experimental Verification

Physical Simulation Model of WO₃ Electrochromic Films Based on Continuous Electron-Transfer Kinetics and Experimental Verification

A comprehensive review on tungsten oxide nanostructures‐based electrochromic supercapacitors and machine learning models for design and process parameter optimization

Comparison of Machine Learning Models on Performance of Single- and Dual-Type Electrochromic Devices

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Modeling of electrochromic processes

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Physical Simulation Model of WO3 Electrochromic Films Based on Continuous Electron-Transfer Kinetics and Experimental Verification

Physical Simulation Model of WO3 Electrochromic Films Based on Continuous Electron-Transfer Kinetics and Experimental Verification

A comprehensive review on tungsten oxide nanostructures‐based electrochromic supercapacitors and machine learning models for design and process parameter optimization

Comparison of Machine Learning Models on Performance of Single- and Dual-Type Electrochromic Devices

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Physical Simulation Model of WO₃ Electrochromic Films Based on Continuous Electron-Transfer Kinetics and Experimental Verification

Physical Simulation Model of WO₃ Electrochromic Films Based on Continuous Electron-Transfer Kinetics and Experimental Verification