Modeling of Drug Release from Polymeric Delivery Systems?A Review;

Abstract

Polymeric drug delivery platforms have been receiving increasing attention in the past decade. The pharmaceutical industry is evaluating modes of delivery for their prized therapeutics at every step of the design cycle. Not only can the drug delivery platform transport drug molecules effectively, it can also improve patient compliance, offer greater patient convenience, and extend product lifecycles as patents expire. A large number of successful drug delivery systems have been developed as a result of an almost arbitrary selection of constituents and configurations. However, the development of advanced drug delivery systems relies on a judicious and careful selection of components, configurations, and geometries, which can be facilitated through mathematical modeling of controlled release systems. Mathematical modeling aids in predicting the drug release rates and diffusion behavior from these systems by the solution of an appropriate model, thereby reducing the number of experiments needed. It also aids in understanding the physics of a particular drug transport phenomenon, thus facilitating the development of new pharmaceutical products. The objective of this article is to review the spectrum of mathematical models that have been developed to describe drug release from polymeric controlled release systems. The mathematical models presented in this article have been grouped under diffusion controlled systems, swelling controlled systems, and erosion controlled systems as proposed by Langer and Peppas. Simple empirical or semi-empirical models and complex mechanistic models that consider diffusion, swelling, and erosion processes simultaneously are presented.

Mathematical modeling of drug delivery from autocatalytically degradable PLGA microspheres — A review

“…Polymeric drug delivery can be categorized based on the mechanisms of drug release [11-13]: diffusion-controlled systems (diffusion from non-degrading polymers), swelling-controlled systems (enhanced diffusion from polymers that swell in aqueous media), and erosion-controlled systems (release as a result of degradation and erosion of polymers). For biodegradable polyesters such as PLGA, drug release occurs through a combination of degradation and erosion of polymer and transport of drug and is classified as being erosion-controlled.…”

A Review on Recent Advances in Stabilizing Peptides/Proteins upon Fabrication in Hydrogels from Biodegradable Polymers

“…Several other mechanismsare also known for the controlled release of the drug. These include a surface or bulk erosion of hydrogels or the binding equilibrium among the drug binding moieties loaded within the hydrogels [ 21 , 66 , 73 ].…”

Biomaterial delivery of morphogens to mimic the natural healing cascade in bone

“…Simple reaction/diffusion models have already been utilized to design systems releasing two factors to achieve distinct spatial compartmentalization [183]. Models varying from simple empirical models to complex mechanistic models that consider diffusion, swelling, and erosion processes simultaneously have been reported [206]. Combining mathematical models with 3D cell culture models (see below) can provide a particularly powerful approach to designing delivery systems [207].…”