Modeling of axial vibrational control technique for CdTe VGF crystal growth under controlled cadmium partial pressure

Avetissov, Igor; Kostikov, Vladimir; Meshkov, V. V.; Sukhanova, E.A.; Grishechkin, M. B.; Belov, Stanislav; Sadovskiy, Andei

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2013.04.064

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The combined application of thermal and vibrating effects enables us to grow single crystals from materials with a very different heat conductivity with high rates. Characteristics of substances for numerical modeling [11][12][13][14] Characteristic …”

Section: Combined Methods Of Axial Low Frequency Vibrations and Axial mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The application of the AVC technique with using a solid with cylindrical sym metry and special configuration (Fig. 1b) submerged in the melt provides the formation of hot descending vibration flows along the crucible walls, which level the crystallization front [12].We developed a new scheme of controlling the heat-mass transfer in the vertical Bridgman and VGF configurations combining the advantages of the AVC and AHP techniques (Fig. 1c).…”

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Combined method of axial low-frequency vibrations and axial heat flux for crystal growth from a melt

et al. 2015

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The crystal quality in many respects depends on the conditions of heat-mass transfer forming the concen tration field near the crystallization front and its shape. It is especially difficult to control heat-mass transfer during the growth of large diameter crystals. In the conventional methods of growth of large diameter crystals, the intensity of thermo gravitational convec tion is frequently so high that unsteady and turbulent flows easily arise in the melt. An efficient way of sup pressing thermal convection is growth from a thin layer of the melt used in the axial heating process (AHP) [1] and the allied submerged heater method [2]. The application of the AHP method, a feature of which is the thermal action directly on the crystallization front ( Fig. 1a), showed a high uniformity of the composition of the multicomponent GaInSb and GeSi crystals grown [3,4].However, the use of a weak laminar flow of the melt in this method can result in a considerable inhomoge neity of the composition of the crystal over the cross section [5, 6] because of insufficient mixing of the melt near the crystallization front. The attempts at creation of an additional forced flow and improvement of mix ing in a thin melt layer due to the rotating magnetic field in the AHP method [6] or the submerged heater rotation method [7] led to no positive results.The numerical modeling of the process of growth of semiconductor crystals with a low heat conductivity (GaAs, CdTe) and the diameter exceeding 100 mm by the AHP method in the configuration of the directed crystallization shows that, already at 30 mm crystal length, this method fails to solve the problem of level ing the temperature along the growth cell diameter near the crystallization front with taking into account the crystallization heat.The low frequency axial vibration control (AVC) technique [8] is a method that made a good showing in the control for heat-mass transfer by forming a con trollable forced melt flow near the crystallization front. This technique was successfully applied in the growth of crystals from the melt by various methods [9] including those using the oscillations of an inert baf fle submerged into the melt in the vertical Bridgman [10] and Czochralski [11] configurations (Fig. 1b).In the research, we proposed a new combined method of crystal growth joining the AHP and AVC techniques by means of the vibration of the AHP heater submerged in the melt. It enables us to obtain two independent channels of the heat-mass transfer control near the crystallization front in one method (Fig. 1c): the thermal effect within the framework of the AHP technique and the vibrating activation of the melt by the AVC technique. The application of the AVC technique with using a solid with cylindrical sym metry and special configuration (Fig. 1b) submerged in the melt provides the formation of hot descending vibration flows along the crucible walls, which level the crystallization front [12].We developed a new scheme of controlling the heat-mass transfer in the vertical Bridgman and...

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Section: Combined Methods Of Axial Low Frequency Vibrations and Axial mentioning

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Combined method of axial low-frequency vibrations and axial heat flux for crystal growth from a melt

et al. 2015

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“…The specific features of the mesh model at AVC application are described in detail in Refs. [15,20].…”

Section: Numerical Model Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ref. [15], it was shown that the use of the AVC (axial vibrational control) technique made it possible to solve the above problems by creating controlled forced laminar flows in the melt using a submerged inert oscillating disk. However, the authors also declared that in a real experiment, the use of a cylindrical disk eventually led to the formation of a gas bubble along the surface, especially in viscous liquids, which, over time, caused the turbulence of the flow due to the chaotic movement of the gas bubble.…”

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Numerical Simulation of CdTe Crystal Growth Using the Vertical Gradient Freeze Technique Assisted by Axial Low-Frequency Oscillations of the Melt

Nefedov,

Dovnarovich,

Kostikov

et al. 2024

Crystals

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The problem of intensification of the melt crystal growth process has been analyzed using CdTe as an actual material. Numerical simulation of 100 mm diameter CdTe crystal growth using the VGF technique has been carried out. The heat–mass transfer was controlled by introducing low-frequency oscillating baffle into the melt, which is a so-called axial vibrational control (AVC) technique. The baffle configuration has been optimized to destroy solid “tails”, which were formed near the crucible walls at high cooling rates due to the low thermoconductivity and the corresponding latent heat. Analysis of CdTe homogeneity range showed that during fast crystal cooling, Te micro precipitations were formed, resulting from the decay of oversaturated Cd-rich nonstoichiometric solid solution during the Bridgman crystal growth technique. After full crystallization, a VGF-grown CdTe crystal stays inside the phase field of the high-temperature wurtzite polymorph. This makes it possible to go through the polymorph transition without Te micro-precipitating using the advantages of the VGF-specific feature of very slow cooling.

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Regulation of the Temperature Field and Evolution of the Melt Convection Field During InP Crystal Growth with the Vertical Gradient Freeze Method

Wang,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2023

J. Electron. Mater.

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Modeling of axial vibrational control technique for CdTe VGF crystal growth under controlled cadmium partial pressure

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Combined method of axial low-frequency vibrations and axial heat flux for crystal growth from a melt

Combined method of axial low-frequency vibrations and axial heat flux for crystal growth from a melt

Numerical Simulation of CdTe Crystal Growth Using the Vertical Gradient Freeze Technique Assisted by Axial Low-Frequency Oscillations of the Melt

Regulation of the Temperature Field and Evolution of the Melt Convection Field During InP Crystal Growth with the Vertical Gradient Freeze Method

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