Modeling of a thermally integrated 10 kWe planar solid oxide fuel cell system with anode offgas recycling and internal reforming by discretization in flow direction

Wahl, Stefanie; Segarra, Ana Gallet; Horstmann, P; Carré, Maxime; Bessler, Wolfgang G.; Lapicque, François; Friedrich, K. Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.12.084

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…In this complex scenario, the detailed rate equations proposed by Xu and Froment have been widely applied in a number of works on MSR reactors simulation . Recently, this approach has been followed also for the simulation of internal MSR in SOFCs , even if, following a pioneering approach proposed by Achenbach , the MSR kinetics models previously adopted in SOFC simulation have been first order dependencies in p CH4 , with an activation energy in the range 95–210 kJ mol −1 . Recently, Wang et al , have proposed an innovative first order kinetics expression and have pointed out that first order kinetics are more suitable in the low S/C range (S/C<1) desirable for internal MSR in SOFCs.…”

Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostics and Prognostics‐Oriented Modeling of an NGSR Fuel Processor for Application in SOFC Systems

et al. 2017

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Diagnostics and prognostics of natural gas steam reforming (NGSR) reactors are of utmost importance for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems, where a fuel processor fault can cause damage to the SOFC stack. Most common faults are due to carbon deposition. We investigate this phenomenon through a model based on microscopic mass, energy and momentum balances of a tubular NGSR reactor. The model includes a detailed local reaction kinetics specific for Ni-based catalysts, and is integrated numerically using a finite element method (FEM) implemented through COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2. Results obtained from the simulation of a laboratory scale reactor are validated on the basis of literature data. Furthermore, the model is applied to an NGSR fuel processor designed for an 1.1 kW SOFC system. The model allows to identify the area where carbon deposition is expected to occur, which is a key feature in view of developing specific diagnostic and prognostic tools. The simulation results demonstrate that safety criteria based on the feedstock steam to carbon (S/C) ratio can be misleading in a number of operating conditions.

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Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostics and Prognostics‐Oriented Modeling of an NGSR Fuel Processor for Application in SOFC Systems

et al. 2017

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“…Alternatively, the anode exhaust could be "recycled" into the reformate fuel that feeds the GFC. Anode recycle has been shown to markedly improve system performance [24,25,26].…”

Section: System Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

In-ground operation of Geothermic Fuel Cells for unconventional oil and gas recovery

Sullivan

Anyenya

Haun

et al. 2016

Journal of Power Sources

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This paper presents operating and performance characteristics of a nine-stack solid-oxide fuel cell combined-heat-and-power system. Integrated with a natural-gas fuel processor, air compressor, reactant-gas preheater, and diagnostics and control equipment, the system is designed for use in unconventional oil-and-gas processing. Termed a "Geothermic Fuel Cell" (GFC), the heat liberated by the fuel cell during electricity generation is harnessed to process oil shale into high-quality crude oil and natural gas. The 1.5-kW e SOFC stacks are packaged within three-stack GFC modules. Three GFC modules are mechanically and electrically coupled to a reactant-gas preheater and installed within the earth. During operation, significant heat is conducted from the Geothermic Fuel Cell to the surrounding geology.The complete system was continuously operated on hydrogen and natural-gas fuels for ∼ 600 hours. A quasi-steady operating point was established to favor heat generation (29.1 kW th ) over electricity production (4.4 kW e ). Thermodynamic analysis reveals a combinedheat-and-power efficiency of 55% at this condition. Heat flux to the geology averaged 3.2 kW m −1 across the 9-m length of the Geothermic Fuel Cell-preheater assembly. System performance is reviewed; some suggestions for improvement are proposed.

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“…Walluk et al 6 examined the influence of diesel auto‐thermal reforming for SOFC systems with AOGR and found that at the optimal value of 45% for AOGR, the maximum syngas production and reforming efficiency could be achieved. Wahl et al 7 thermodynamically modeled a 10‐kW SOFC system with AOGR and showed that using an AOGR rate of 65% led to a maximum value of 57% for the electrical efficiency. Mehr et al 8 investigated the performance of a biogas‐fed SOFC plant with anode and cathode recycling from the viewpoint of exergoeconomics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoeconomic analysis and multi‐objective optimization of a solid‐oxide fuel cell plant coupled with methane tri‐reforming: Effects of thermochemical recuperation

et al. 2021

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Summary An 80‐kW solid‐oxide fuel cell (SOFC)‐based power plant coupled with methane tri‐reforming is proposed and analyzed from the viewpoint of thermoeconomics. In order to integrate the SOFC power generation section with the external reformer, part of the exhaust gases from the afterburner is recycled and utilized as a reformer agent in the reactor. The main challenge in performing the economic analysis is the determination of the costs associated with the tri‐reforming process, in particular the reactor cost. To accomplish this, a mathematical procedure is suggested and applied for a fixed‐bed reactor based on both the chemical equilibrium and chemical kinetics describing the tri‐reforming process. The effects on system performance of important design parameters, including current density, SOFC operating temperature, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) percentage, are investigated. The results indicate that system performance is enhanced by using lower values of current density and higher values of SOFC operating temperature. In addition, considering the thermal and environmental performance of system as criteria, the use of EGR is not recommended. However, as the EGR percentage increases, the product unit cost decreases, making EGR advantageous from an economic perspective.

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Modeling of a thermally integrated 10 kWe planar solid oxide fuel cell system with anode offgas recycling and internal reforming by discretization in flow direction

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Diagnostics and Prognostics‐Oriented Modeling of an NGSR Fuel Processor for Application in SOFC Systems

Diagnostics and Prognostics‐Oriented Modeling of an NGSR Fuel Processor for Application in SOFC Systems

In-ground operation of Geothermic Fuel Cells for unconventional oil and gas recovery

Thermoeconomic analysis and multi‐objective optimization of a solid‐oxide fuel cell plant coupled with methane tri‐reforming: Effects of thermochemical recuperation

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