Modeling of a SOFC fuelled by methane: From direct internal reforming to gradual internal reforming

Klein, Jean-Marie; Bultel, Yann; Georges, Samuel; Pons, M.

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2006.11.034

Cited by 136 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The heat, which is generated within the cell (mainly from the electrochemical reactions), can be used for the internal steam reforming reaction within the anode and/or outside the cell for external reforming and pre-heating of the fuel and air. The reaction kinetics from Klein et al [50][51] for the MSR (an Arrhenius form expression dependent on the active area-to-volume ratio) is presented in eqn (49) and used to calculate the reaction rates in this work. (49) Equation (49) origins from experiments performed at Research Centre Jülish, and the anode material consists of Ni−8YSZ substrate with a standard composition of 50 wt% Ni [50].…”

Section: Internal Reforming Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SOFC modeling considering hydrogen and carbon monoxide as electrochemical reactants

Andersson

Yuan

Sundén

2013

Journal of Power Sources

125

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Fuel cells are promising for future energy systems, because they are energy efficient and able to use renewable fuels. A fully coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach based on the finite element method, in twodimensions, is developed to describe a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Governing equations for, gas-phase species, heat momentum, ion and electron transport are implemented and coupled to kinetics describing electrochemical and internal reforming reactions. Both carbon monoxide and hydrogen are considered as electrochemical reactants within the anode. The predicted results show that the current density distribution along the main flow direction depends on the local concentrations and temperature. A higher (local) fraction of electrochemical reactants increases the Nernst potential as well as the current density. For fuel mixtures without methane, the cathode air flow rate needs to be increased significantly to avoid high temperature gradients within the cell as well as a high outlet temperature.

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Section: Internal Reforming Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SOFC modeling considering hydrogen and carbon monoxide as electrochemical reactants

Andersson

Yuan

Sundén

2013

Journal of Power Sources

125

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“…The re-circulated gas stream will also primarily consist of oxygen and nitrogen with slightly lower oxygen content. equations (20) and (21) represent the expressions for the inlet species concentrations of the SOFC cathode.…”

Section: Ht-fcmentioning

confidence: 99%

A spatially resolved physical model for transient system analysis of high temperature fuel cells

McLarty

Brouwer

Samuelsen

2013

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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IntroductionThe U.S. Department of Energy has devoted significant effort towards technological breakthroughs for highly efficient low emission electricity production [1e4]. Rising oil prices, the possibility of carbon taxation, and unnerving dependence on foreign energy sources stimulated the federal government's interest in clean energy sources that can meet new greenhouse gas emission targets. Fuel cells promise the dual benefits of high efficiency energy conversion and extremely low pollutant emissions, but adoption of the technology has been limited by high initial capital costs and lack of market acceptance. The challenges include poor economies of scale in manufacturing due to the relatively high materials costs and surface-area scaling characteristics, the complexity of the balance of plant and control systems, a lack of proven system durability, and operations and maintenance costs. Available online at www.sciencedirect.com journal h om epa ge: www.elsev ier.com/locate/he i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f h y d r o g e n e n e r g y 3 8 ( 2 0 1 3 ) 7 9 3 5 e7 9 4 6

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“…However, micro processes or phenomena occurring within the ensemble of positive electrode-electrolytenegative electrode (PEN) are grossly simplified. Two-dimensional (2D) models are popular with tubular solid oxide fuel cells because of their axial symmetry (Janardhanan and Deutschmann, 2006;Klein et al, 2007;Li and Chyu, 2003;Suwanwarangkul et al, 2006). Others have used quasi-2D models planar designs (Janardhanan and Deutschmann, 2007;Zhu et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Klein et al (2007) recently presented a 2D numerical model for tubular electrolytesupported SOFC with methane internal reforming, using the commercial package CFD-Ace. The model computed the species partial pressures, current densities and potentials in electronic and ionic phases on the anode side (fuel channel and cermet anode).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical modeling of solid oxide fuel cells

Kosinski

Hoffmann

et al. 2008

Chemical Engineering Science

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This paper presents a numerical model for a planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with mixed ionic-electronic conducting electrodes. Transport of positive or negative charges, which takes place in the direction of down-or up-gradient electric potential, respectively, within the composite electrodes and through the electrolyte membrane, is mimicked by making use of an algorithm for Fickian diffusion in the commercial software. The output cell voltage, which is the potential difference between the two current collectors, is fixed at a given value. The coupled equations describing the conservation of mass, momentum and energy and the chemical and electrochemical processes are solved using the commercial package Star-CD, augmented with subroutines developed in-house. Results for the concentration of chemical species and the distributions of temperature and current density in an anode-supported SOFC with direct internal reforming are presented and discussed. The potential for using this model as a general numerical tool to study the impact of the detailed processes taking place in solid oxide fuel cells is discussed.

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Modeling of a SOFC fuelled by methane: From direct internal reforming to gradual internal reforming

Cited by 136 publications

References 28 publications

SOFC modeling considering hydrogen and carbon monoxide as electrochemical reactants

SOFC modeling considering hydrogen and carbon monoxide as electrochemical reactants

A spatially resolved physical model for transient system analysis of high temperature fuel cells

Numerical modeling of solid oxide fuel cells

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