Modeling Languages for Internet of Things (IoT) Applications: A Comparative Analysis Study

Abstract

Modeling languages have gained ever-increasing importance for the Internet of Things (IoT) domain for improving the productivity and quality of IoT developments. In this study, we analyzed 32 different modeling languages that have been designed for IoT software development in terms of a set of requirements that were categorized into three groups: language definition, language features, and tool support. Some key findings are as follows: (1) performance is the most supported quality property (28%); (2) most languages offer a visual notation set only, while 6% provide both textual and visual notation sets; (3) most languages (88%) lack formally precise semantic definitions; (4) most languages (94%) support the physical, deployment, and logical modeling viewpoints, while the behavior, logical, and information viewpoints are rarely supported; (5) almost none of the languages enable extensibility; (6) Java (34%) and C (21%) are the most preferred programming languages for model transformation; (7) consistency (77%) and completeness (64%) are the most supported properties for the automated checking of models; and (8) most languages (81%) are not supported with any websites for sharing case studies, source code, tools, tutorials, etc. The analysis results can be useful for language engineers, practitioners, and tool vendors for better understanding the existing languages for IoT, their weak and strong points, and IoT industries’ needs in future language and modeling toolset developments.

An IoT System Proposed for Higher Education: Approaches and Challenges in Economics, Computational Linguistics, and Engineering

“…The study of languages using computer applications, automatic translation with the help of applications, and the use of applications in learning a new language or language modeling for IoT applications [ 9 ] has received a lot of attention in recent years, especially in the current context of globalization.…”

Toplu Taşıma İçin Nesnelerin İnterneti Yazılımlarının Modellenmesi

“…Many researchers find MDE promising and propose modeling approaches, languages and MDE tools for overcoming IoT development challenges (Arslan et al, 2023). For instance, Harrand et al (2016) focused on the fundamental IoT problems such as deployment and heterogeneity and they proposed the use of the "Internet of Things Modeling Language" (ThingML).…”

An Analysis of the Features of Requirements Engineering Tools

“…Finally, to minimize the conclusion validity threat, the research methodology of this study was designed and validated carefully to minimize the risk of excluding relevant requirement engineering tools. Benefiting from our previous experience in conducting other analysis studies (e.g., [46]), the search methodology here was formalized and applied in a way such that only a very small number of relevant requirement engineering tools could be missed, and a manageable quantity of irrelevant ones could be included. Furthermore, the findings of the performed analysis were assessed within the context of the set of tool features provided at the beginning of the study.…”