Modeling ion exchange in glass with concentration‐dependent diffusion coefficients and mobilities

High confinement ion-exchanged waveguides for nonlinear applications

“…Moreover, it was demonstrated that the diffusion coefficients can vary with the normalized Ag þ ions concentration c. This effect, called mixed alkali [12], is modeled by the following laws:…”

Narrow-linewidth Q-switched DBR laser on Ytterbium-doped glass

“…The amplifying waveguides are made by ion-exchange, which is a diffusion process allowing to modify the refractive index of the glass substrate [12]. We have used our in-house software to simulate the diffusion process for different aperture widths and ion-exchange durations.…”

Tl ion-exchange borosilicate glass: Investigation of the Tl site by X-ray absorption spectroscopy

“…Ion-exchanges on glass technologies dedicated to integrated optics applications have proved their advantages for designing optical circuits, presenting a good compatibility with the fiber technology and low losses [1][2][3]. This technology consists in substituting alkali ions in a glass substrate for other ions by plunging the glass into a molten salt bath [1].…”