Modeling Flow and Pollutant Transport in a Karst Watershed with SWAT

Baffaut, Claire; Benson, Verel W.

doi:10.13031/2013.26840

Cited by 69 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Traditionally, karst systems created over time by karstification processes are characterized in part by multiple springs, sinkholes, and losing/gaining streams [6,7]. The complex nature of karst systems and their structural heterogeneity subsequently create complicated hydrodynamics unique to each system's storage and drainage structures [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Groundwater Recharge from an Ephemeral Stream into a Mountainous Karst Aquifer

Dvory

Ronen

Livshitz

et al. 2018

Water

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Sustainable groundwater production from karst aquifers is primarily dictated by its recharge rate. Therefore, it is essential to accurately quantify annual groundwater recharge in order to limit overexploitation and to evaluate artificial methods for groundwater enrichment. Infiltration during erratic flood events in karst basins may substantially contribute to aquifer recharge. However, the complicated nature of karst systems, which are characterized in part by multiple springs, sinkholes, and losing/gaining streams, impede accurate quantification of the actual contribution of flood waters to groundwater recharge. In this study, we aim to quantify the proportion of groundwater recharge accrued during runoff events in a karst aquifer. The role of karst conduits on flash flood infiltration was examined during four flood and controlled runoff events in the Soreq creek near Jerusalem, Israel. We distinguished between direct infiltration, percolation through karst conduits, and diffuse infiltration-the latter of which is most affected by evapotranspiration. A water balance was calculated for the 2014/15 hydrological year using the Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS). Simulations show that 6.8 to 19.2% of the annual recharge volume was added to the aquifer from infiltration of runoff losses along the creek through the karst system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Groundwater Recharge from an Ephemeral Stream into a Mountainous Karst Aquifer

Dvory

Ronen

Livshitz

et al. 2018

Water

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“…Baffaut and Sadeghi (2010) indicated that the simulation process of bacteria may need to be revisited after reviewing several cases in which the SWAT model was used to simulate bacteria. The values of the evaluation indices R 2 and E NS used in their study were lower than the generally acceptable range identified in present SWAT-based bacteria simulation studies (Baffaut and Benson 2009;Baffaut and Sadeghi 2010;Frey et al 2013), which was related to many factors, including runoff, sediment, temperature and even nutrient content. Other scholars believe that the existence of shortcomings in the SWAT simulation process for bacteria may lead to low calibration and validation results (Baffaut and Sadeghi 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Thus, changing the temperature equation has a significant influence on bacteria. Water temperature is the most important factor in the growth and survival of bacteria because it can affect Frey et al (2013), c Benham et al (2006), d Baffaut and Benson (2009) bacterial enzymes. After the SWAT model was modified, seasonal changes (i.e., from winter to summer), the elevated level of water temperature is less than the original model; therefore, modeled enzymatic activity is decreased, and the death rate of fecal coliform was slowed down.…”

Section: The Results Of the Modified Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of vegetative filter strips in abating fecal coliform based on modified soil and water assessment tool

Bai

Shen

Yan

2016

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Pathogenic bacteria are a serious public health concern. Exposure to these microorganisms can result in illnesses or even death. Therefore, it is important to control pathogenic bacteria sources, transport mechanisms and fate. Best management practices proved to be very effective in the control of non-point source pollution. In this study, the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) was modified and used to simulate the fecal coliform in Chao River of Miyun Reservoir watershed, China. The model was then used to explore the effectiveness of vegetative filter strips (VFS) in reducing fecal coliform abundance throughout the watershed. The water temperature equation within the SWAT was modified to align the model more closely with the characteristics of the study area and generate a more accurate simulation. The DAFS ratio (20, 50, 80, 120 and 150) and DF con (0.25, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.75) parameters were considered for VFS to see their effects on removal efficiency. The results show that calibration and validation results for fecal coliform and flow can be accepted. Different values for DAFS ratio and DF con have great influence on VFS. Increasing values resulted in a decrease in the removal efficiency of VFS.

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“…Karst presents a model structure limitation as SWAT does not explicitly model preferential flow pathways. However, SWAT is commonly applied to such watersheds (e.g., (Baffaut and Benson, 2009)) with lumped treatment of such flow pathways.…”

Section: Root River Basin (Rrb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple domain evaluation of watershed hydrology models

Kumarasamy

Belmont

2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Watershed scale models simulating hydrology and water quality have advanced rapidly in sophistication, process 5 representation, flexibility in model structure, and input data. Given the importance of these models to support decision-making for a wide range of environmental issues, the hydrology community is compelled to improve the metrics used to evaluate model performance. More targeted and comprehensive metrics will facilitate better and more efficient calibration and will help demonstrate that the model is useful for the intended purpose. Here we introduce a suite of new tools for model evaluation,packaged as an open-source Hydrologic Model Evaluation (HydroME) Toolbox. Specifically, we demonstrate the use of box 10 plots to illustrate the full distribution of common model performance metrics, such as R 2 , use of Euclidian distance, empirical Quantile-Quantile (Q-Q) plots and flow duration curves as simple metrics to identify and localize errors in model simulations.Further, we demonstrate the use of magnitude squared coherence to compare the frequency content between observed and modeled streamflow and wavelet coherence to localize frequency mismatches in time. We provide a rationale for a hierarchical selection of parameters to adjust during calibration and recommend that modelers progress from parameters with the most 15 uncertainty to the least uncertainty, namely starting with pure calibration parameters, followed by derived parameters, and finally measured parameters. We apply these techniques in the calibration and evaluation of models of two watersheds, the Le Sueur River Basin (2880 km 2 ) and Root River Basin (4300 km 2 ) in southern Minnesota, USA.

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Modeling Flow and Pollutant Transport in a Karst Watershed with SWAT

Cited by 69 publications

References 14 publications

Quantification of Groundwater Recharge from an Ephemeral Stream into a Mountainous Karst Aquifer

Quantification of Groundwater Recharge from an Ephemeral Stream into a Mountainous Karst Aquifer

Effectiveness of vegetative filter strips in abating fecal coliform based on modified soil and water assessment tool

Multiple domain evaluation of watershed hydrology models

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