Modeling Fixed Bed Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production through Steam Reforming Reactions: A Critical Analysis

Murmura, Maria Anna; Cerbelli, Stefano; Annesini, Maria Cristina

doi:10.3390/membranes8020034

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…Reaction constant of the R 2 (kmol kPa −1 /kgcat h) k 3 Reaction constant of the R 3 (kmol kPa 0.5 /kgcat h) K eq., 1 Equilibrium constant of Equation 8, (kPa 2 ) K eq., 2 Equilibrium constant of Equation 9, (-) K eq., 3 Equilibrium constant of Equation 10, (kPa 2 ) k gs,eff.…”

Section: Nomenclature C Pgimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TES of H 2 can be produced from reforming 2 of 26 reactions with high energy involved in chemical reaction. In particular, H 2 can be obtained from thermochemical conversion of CH 4 by driving endothermic reaction methods as the SRM and/or dry reforming of methane (DRM) [1]. The choice of the SRM or DRM depends of the desired ending product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermochemical Performance Analysis of the Steam Reforming of Methane in a Fixed Bed Membrane Reformer: A Modelling and Simulation Study

Medeiros¹,

Dias²,

Silva³

et al. 2020

Membranes

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Pd-based membrane reformers have been substantially studied in the past as a promising reformer to produce high-purity H2 from thermochemical conversion of methane (CH4). A variety of research approaches have been taken in the experimental and theoretical fields. The main objective of this work is a theoretical modelling to describe the process variables of the Steam Reforming of Methane (SRM) method on the Pd-based membrane reformer. These process variables describe the specific aims of each equation of the mathematical model characterizing the performance from reformer. The simulated results of the mole fractions of components (MFCs) at the outlet of the Fixed Bed Reformer (FBR) and Packed-Bed Membrane Reformer (PBMR) have been validated. When the H2O/CH4 ratio decreases in PBMR, the Endothermic Reaction Temperature (ERT) is notably increased (998.32 K) at the outlet of the PBMR’s reaction zone. On the other hand, when the H2O/CH4 ratio increases in PBMR, the ERT is remarkably decreased (827.83 K) at the outlet of the PBMR’s reaction zone. An increase of the spatial velocity (Ssp) indicates a reduction in the residence time of reactant molecules inside PBMR and, thus, a decrease of the ERT and conversion of CH4. In contrast, a reduction of the Ssp shows an increase of the residence time of reactant molecules within PBMR and, therefore, a rise of the ERT and conversion of CH4. An increase of the H2O/CH4 ratio raises the conversion rate (CR) of CH4 due to the reduction of the coke content on the catalyst particles. Conversely, a reduction of the H2O/CH4 ratio decreases the CR of CH4 owing to the increase of the coke content on the catalyst particles. Contrary to the CR of CH4, the consumption-based yield (CBY) of H2 sharply decreases with the increase of the H2O/CH4 ratio. An increase of the ERT raises the thermochemical energy storage efficiency (ηtese) from 68.96% (ERT = 1023 K), 63.21% (ERT = 973 K), and 48.12% (ERT = 723 K). The chemical energy, sensible heat, and heat loss reached values of 384.96 W, 151.68 W, and 249.73 W at 973 K. The selectivity of H2 presents higher amounts in the gaseous mixture that varies from 60.98 to 73.18 while CH4 showed lower values ranging from 1.41 to 2.06. Our work is limited to the SRM method. In terms of future uses of this method, new works can be undertaken using novel materials (open-cell foams) and the physical-mathematical model (two-dimensional and three-dimensional) to evaluate the concentration polarization inside membrane reactors.

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Section: Nomenclature C Pgimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Performance Analysis of the Steam Reforming of Methane in a Fixed Bed Membrane Reformer: A Modelling and Simulation Study

Medeiros¹,

Dias²,

Silva³

et al. 2020

Membranes

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“…Palladium membranes were mostly applied in MRs for high-grade hydrogen generation [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], but in recent years several scientists investigated other membrane materials to evaluate the effectiveness of non Pd-based membranes applied to MRs, with the main purpose of achieving more economical solutions than Pd-based membranes utilization [30,31]. Compared to other membranes, silica membranes and their applications in MRs for hydrogen generation received particular attention since they are cheaper, show higher permeability and result in more robust than Pd-based membranes [30,[32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Application Of Silica Membranes In Mr Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Modeling of Silica-Based Membranes and Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production and Purification

2019

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Hydrogen is seen as the new energy carrier for sustainable energy systems of the future. Meanwhile, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks are considered the most promising alternative to the internal combustion engines for a number of transportation applications. Nevertheless, PEMFCs need high-grade hydrogen, which is difficultly stored and transported. To solve these issues, generating hydrogen using membrane reactor (MR) systems has gained great attention. In recent years, the role of silica membranes and MRs for hydrogen production and separation attracted particular interest, and a consistent literature is addressed in this field. Although most of the scientific publications focus on silica MRs from an experimental point of view, this review describes the progress done in the last two decades in terms of the theoretical approach to simulate silica MR performances in the field of hydrogen generation. Furthermore, future trends and current challenges about silica membrane and MR applications are also discussed.

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“…Additionally, when the catalyst is kept in a fixed position, any damage of the membranes can only happen when loading and unloading the catalyst from the reactor [ 4 , 12 , 13 ]. However, the catalyst packed bed in CMRs makes possible some limitations to hydrogen transport between the bulk of the catalytic bed (where hydrogen-rich gas is produced) and the membrane surface [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Asymmetric Membrane Structure on Hydrogen Transport Resistance and Performance of a Catalytic Membrane Reactor for Ethanol Steam Reforming

et al. 2021

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The performance of catalytic membrane reactors (CMRs) depends on the specific details of interactions at different levels between catalytic and separation parts. A clear understanding of decisive factors affecting their operational parameters can be provided via mathematical simulations. In the present paper, main results of numerical studies of ethanol steam reforming, followed by downstream hydrogen permeation through an asymmetric supported membrane, are reported. The membrane module consists of a thin selective layer supported on a substrate with graded porous structure. One-dimensional isothermal reaction–transport model for the CMR has been developed, and its validation has been carried out by using performance data from a lab-scale reactor with a disk-shaped membrane. Simulations demonstrate the model’s capabilities to analyze local concentrations gradients, as required to provide accurate estimates of the relationship between structure–property–performance. It was shown that transport properties of multilayer asymmetric membranes are highly related to the structural properties of each single layer.

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Modeling Fixed Bed Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production through Steam Reforming Reactions: A Critical Analysis

Cited by 19 publications

References 139 publications

Thermochemical Performance Analysis of the Steam Reforming of Methane in a Fixed Bed Membrane Reformer: A Modelling and Simulation Study

Thermochemical Performance Analysis of the Steam Reforming of Methane in a Fixed Bed Membrane Reformer: A Modelling and Simulation Study

Progress in Modeling of Silica-Based Membranes and Membrane Reactors for Hydrogen Production and Purification

Effect of Asymmetric Membrane Structure on Hydrogen Transport Resistance and Performance of a Catalytic Membrane Reactor for Ethanol Steam Reforming

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