Modeling diesel spray tip and tail penetrations after end-of-injection

Zhou, Xinyi; Li, Tie; Lai, Zheyuan; Wei, Yijie

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.10.029

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In 2017, to describe the spray penetration after the EOI, 82 a simple and analytical diesel spray model based on the integral momentum flux and mass flow rate over the spray cross-sectional area was proposed, Liu et al significantly simplifying the model of Musculus and Kattke. 73 Based on that, 82 Zhou et al 83 proposed an improved zero-dimensional model for spray tip and tail penetrations with modification of model constants.…”

Section: Optimizations For Unsteady Evolution Statementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of phenomenological spray penetration modeling for diesel engines with advanced injection strategy

Liu

Peng

Dai

et al. 2020

International Journal of Spray and Combustion Dynamics

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Driven by the increasingly remarkable problems of environmental pollution and energy crisis, the combustion optimization of diesel engine seems to be more urgent than ever, therefore, advanced injection strategies are gradually proposed and employed in modern diesel engines. Phenomenological model, which serves as an effective tool to conduct the parametric study on the spray penetration, needs to be improved to fit the intensified injection condition. Since that there are no attempts to review the spray penetration model developments, in order to help to build a comprehensive understanding of diesel spray propagation, this article briefly summarized the early history and introduced the widely used classical and improved phenomenological spray penetration models. Besides, to provide a helpful reference for selection of suitable models, the modeling methods were analyzed and features and simulation of various models were discussed and compared. After that, the trend of modeling methods and promising directions for future spray modeling were suggested.

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Section: Optimizations For Unsteady Evolution Statementioning

confidence: 99%

A review of phenomenological spray penetration modeling for diesel engines with advanced injection strategy

Liu

Peng

Dai

et al. 2020

International Journal of Spray and Combustion Dynamics

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“…Therefore, the prediction of droplet velocity evolution is also very difficult due to the close relationship with the droplet evaporation processes. Since the time before entering the quasi-steady stage for modern high-pressure common rail diesel engines is quite short and the liquid penetration length exhibits almost a linear dependence upon time at this stage, 29 the initial droplet velocity is used to represent the droplet velocity, and it can be obtained according to the Bernoulli equation 49…”

Section: Similarity Theory For Liquid Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling liquid penetration in evaporating sprays for different size diesel engines

Wei

Wang

2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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Scaled model experiments can greatly reduce the cost, time and energy consumption in diesel engine development, and the similarity of spray characteristics has a primary effect on the overall scaling results of engine performance and pollutant emissions. However, although so far the similarity of spray characteristics under the non-evaporating condition has been studied to some extent, researches on scaling the evaporating sprays are still absent. The maximum liquid penetration length has a close relationship with the spray evaporation processes and is a key parameter in the design of diesel engine spray combustion system. In this article, the similarity of maximum liquid penetration length is theoretically derived based on the hypotheses that the spray evaporation processes in modern high-pressure common rail diesel engines are fuel–air mixing controlled and local interphase transport controlled, respectively. After verifying that the fuel injection rates are perfectly scaled, the similarity of maximum liquid penetration length in evaporating sprays is studied for three scaling laws using two nozzles with hole diameter of 0.11 and 0.14 mm through the high-speed diffused back-illumination method. Under the test conditions of different fuel injection pressures, ambient temperatures and densities, the lift-off law and speed law lead to a slightly increased maximum liquid penetration length, while the pressure law can well scale the maximum liquid penetration length. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analyses based on the hypothesis that the spray evaporation processes are fuel–air mixing controlled, indicating that the local interphase transports of energy, momentum and mass on droplet surface are not rate-controlled steps with respect to spray evaporation processes.

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“…Based on the variation of the integral momentum flux over the cross-sectional area in diesel spray, the present authors 43 defined the spray penetration evolution as three stages: (1) the quasi-steady stage ( t ≤ t i ) during the fuel injection; (2) the transition stage ( t i ≤ t ≤ 2 t i ) where partial upstream spray transforms into the decelerating state; (3) the decelerating stage (2 t i ≤ t ) where the entire spray transforms into the decelerating state ( t i refers to the fuel injection duration, t the time after start of injection (SOI)).…”

Section: Similarity Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the quasi-steady stage and transition stage, the spray tip penetration model derived by Wakuri et al 40 can be used 43 and it is given as…”

Section: Similarity Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Similarity of split-injected fuel sprays for different size diesel engines

Lai

Huang

2019

International Journal of Engine Research

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Establishment of a scaling relationship between small and large bore diesel engines is useful for saving energy, cost and time in a new engine development. Split-injection strategies, which are deemed effective to reduce simultaneously the engine noise and fuel consumption as well as soot and NOx emissions, have been commonly used in modern diesel engines. Thus, far knowledge about scaling the split-injected sprays is however still absent. In this article, the similarity of spray characteristics including the spray tip and tail penetrations as well as the averaged equivalence ratio is theoretically analyzed. With two nozzles of 0.11 and 0.14 mm hole diameters, the similarity of fuel injection rate and non-evaporating spray mixture formation processes with the main-post and pilot-main injection strategies is studied for the three scaling rules, via the Bosch long tube method and high-speed shadowgraphy, respectively. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical analyses. All the three scaling rules can scale the injection rate and injection mass very well with the split-injection strategies under the varied injection pressures. The pressure rule is better to scale the spray tip and tail penetrations, while the lift-off rule and speed rule lead to relatively longer spray tip and tail penetration lengths. The spray lengths of the small-type nozzles with the lift-off rule and speed rule are longer than those of the small-type nozzle with the pressure rule and the large-type nozzle, resulting in a decreased averaged equivalence ratio for the former cases. These results are valuable for evaluating the scaling rules for different size diesel engines with a wide range of operation conditions and guiding new diesel engine development.

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Modeling diesel spray tip and tail penetrations after end-of-injection

Cited by 40 publications

References 57 publications

A review of phenomenological spray penetration modeling for diesel engines with advanced injection strategy

A review of phenomenological spray penetration modeling for diesel engines with advanced injection strategy

Scaling liquid penetration in evaporating sprays for different size diesel engines

Similarity of split-injected fuel sprays for different size diesel engines

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