Modeling biological age using blood biomarkers and physical measurements in Chinese adults

Association of biological age with health outcomes and its modifiable factors

“…A recent study has trained brain age models in amyloid‐negative cognitively normal subjects (Millar et al, 2023 ), which supported our feature selection and model development in healthy participants. Consistent with most previous studies, our study revealed that blood pressure, pulmonary function, and glycated hemoglobin were essential indicators for BA (Chen et al, 2023 ; Gao et al, 2023 ). Pulse pressure, the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure, was identified as an essential predictor for aging in our feature selection, while most previous studies used systolic blood pressure to build BA (Chen et al, 2023 ; Gao et al, 2023 ; Tian et al, 2023 ).…”

“…Consistent with most previous studies, our study revealed that blood pressure, pulmonary function, and glycated hemoglobin were essential indicators for BA (Chen et al, 2023 ; Gao et al, 2023 ). Pulse pressure, the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure, was identified as an essential predictor for aging in our feature selection, while most previous studies used systolic blood pressure to build BA (Chen et al, 2023 ; Gao et al, 2023 ; Tian et al, 2023 ). Pulse pressure is a marker reflecting arterial stiffness (Safar, 2018 ) and a recent cross‐sectional study has shown that PP was associated with accelerated epigenetic aging (Xiao et al, 2022 ).…”

“…The great importance of cognitive functions in BA further suggests the close correlation between the aging body and the brain. In addition, cystatin C, an index of renal function and a potential predictor of cardiovascular risk (Chen et al, 2023 ; Shlipak et al, 2005 ) was the second most essential predictor for BA. Likely, another renal function index, sodium in the urine, was also a predictor of BA, thus highlighting that renal dysfunction was closely associated with aging.…”

“…Accelerated aging was associated with various categories of diseases. Recent studies have shown that aging acceleration was associated with cardiovascular diseases, depression and anxiety, diabetes, and cognitive impairment (Chen et al, 2023 ; Forrester et al, 2021 ; Gao et al, 2023 ; Gialluisi et al, 2022 ). Our study identified some novel associations of biological age gap, thus expanding the clinical significance of biological aging.…”

Prognostic Factors and Construction of Nomogram Prediction Model of Lung Cancer Patients Using Clinical and Blood Laboratory Parameters

“… 32 The Harrell C-index is a metric used to assess the predictive performance of survival analysis models, such as the Cox proportional hazards model. 33 It measures the accuracy of the model in ordering patient survival times, indicating whether the model correctly predicts longer survival times for patients with longer actual survival times among adjacent patients. The Harrell C-index ranges from 0 to 1, where 1 indicates perfect prediction of survival time order, 0.5 indicates predictions equivalent to random chance, and values below 0.5 indicate predictions opposite to actual outcomes.…”