Wire race ball bearing with large radial size and small axial size, saves space extremely, and is widely used in rotary devices of large machineries. This paper establishes a mathematical model of optimization design of rectangular cross-sectional wire race ball bearing,and considers minimum friction torque as objective function, and analyses constraints of contact intensity and design specifications of wire race ball bearing, and forges an optical design method that determines the number of balls, the diameter of ball, the contact angle and the diameter of ball center circle as optimal design parameters, to attain the purpose of extending bearings life. Comparing results of Optimization with original sample, the friction torque of ball that bears maximum load reduces by 10.20%. This method provides a reference for conducting further scientific researches on wear of wire race ball bearing.