Modeling and simulation of three dimensional manipulations of biological micro/nanoparticles by applying cylindrical contact mechanics models by means of AFM

Mechanical manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles by magnetic force microscopy

“…Mirowski et al [38] provided the magnetic field gradient by magnetic probe to sort out magnetic particles on an microfluidic platform with an array of magnetic trap elements and the particle size was 1 µm in diameter. Currently, the common methods used for the manipulation of single nanoscale objects by AFM are pushing, rolling, cutting, drilling and dissecting [7][8][9]. Also, the main methods are pushing and sliding of the particle along a linear path.…”

“…Due to the high resolution of atomic force microscope (AFM), it is a proper tool for the imaging and manipulation of nano objects [5,6]. Korayem and Saraee et al [7][8][9] modeled and simulated the pushing and sliding of nanoparticles by AFM for biological sample separation and positioning. Hsieh et al [10] utilized the AFM tip to push the gold nanorods, demonstrating that it can be used for the building of blocks in nano-fabrication.…”

Nonclassical dynamic modeling of nano/microparticles during nanomanipulation processes

“…The modeling of critical forces and times as well as the dominant motion mode of a cylindrical nanoparticle is done using kinematic and dynamic equations governing the problem and employing contact models appropriate for use at the nanometer scale. The employed approach has been used and verified in many studies [2,7,16]. The AFM used in this study is composed of a rectangular cantilever and a tip with a spherical contact point and the particle is manipulated on a silicon substrate.…”

“…The schematic of the manipulation process of the cylindrical nanoparticle is shown in Figure 1. The required conditions to initiate the sliding and rolling modes of a cylindrical nanoparticle on the substrate in the lateral direction in a 3D approach are, respectively, expressed by [16] (1) (2) where F T is the pushing force, τ ss , τ rs and τ rt are the shear strength of contact in sliding on the substrate and rolling on the substrate and particle, respectively, μ represents the friction constants, A s and A t are the substrate-particle and particle-tip contact area, respectively, and R p is the particle radius. The existing geometrical angles and exerted forces are shown in Figure 2.…”

“…The simulation results were compared with those obtained from modeling the gold nanoparticle manipulation. In addition, the 3D stiffness matrix for a rectangular cantilever was presented for the first time [16].…”