Modeling and Simulation of the Photovoltaic Cells for Different Values of Physical and Environmental Parameters

Abstract

Both research and technological development in the area of renewable energy sources are necessary to account for the increase in energy demand and environment problems in the world. The photovoltaic (PV) cell has been described by non-linear outputs characteristics in current-voltage and power-voltage. This outputs is affected by various effects such as; series resistance ( ), shunt resistance ( ℎ ), solar irradiance and temperature. In this paper the effect of variation of parameters has been studied such as series resistance ( ) and shunt resistance ( ℎ ) of the diode in the photovoltaic cell and these effects could be seen in the Current-Voltage (I-V) and Power-Voltage (P-V) characteristic curves. In this paper also has been studied the effect of variation of the environmental parameters such as solar irradiance and temperature. Results show that a higher temperature at constant solar irradiance produces a decrease power. So the voltage and the photovoltaic cell output power tend to decrease at higher temperatures, but there is no noticeable effect on the photovoltaic cell current. Thus, it is important to keep the cell temperature as low as possible, because higher temperatures have negative effect on output power of photovoltaic cell. On the other hand, the effect of solar irradiance on photovoltaic cell, it reveals that higher solar irradiance gives higher current and higher power. Shunt resistance has significant effect on the operating characteristic curves of PV cells as low power output is recorded if the value of shunt resistance varies from 0.07 ohms to 1700 ohms. Finally, I have presented power-voltage characteristic curves and current voltage characteristic curves of photovoltaic cell for different solar irradiance in Shkoder, Tirana and Vlore.

Power Quality Improvement in Microgrids using STATCOM under Unbalanced Voltage Conditions

“…This figure explains that, since the STATCOM is the device for controlling the reactive power and voltage control, the active power injecting it would be zero. As shown in Figure 14, at t=0.4s, when an unbalanced load is added to the system, the STATCOM control system delivers approximately 5 8 10  VAR of the reactive power to compensate for the unbalanced voltage. Also, at t=1.9s, when the AC voltage reference varies from 391v to 420v, STATCOM injected approximately small values corresponding to the VSC power loss.…”

“…To achieve this goal, DC-link control must be investigated. Hysa [8] used a PV system to produce power in DC side of the microgrid. Moreover, the effects of series and parallel resistances in the PV output are measured.…”

“…However, the main point is to control the DC-link and how to consume this power. The feedback on controlling injected power was not provided by Hysa [8]. Besides, energy storage systems and secondary batteries are considered by Slavova et al [9] and Sani [10], respectively.…”

Portable offline indoor object recognition system for the visually impaired

“…The Kinect has high power consumption, which can be addressed using photovoltaic cells (solar panel) (Hysa, 2019). The solar panel can help the portability of the system by reducing the load on the battery, but the main limitation is that it needs direct sunlight and efficiency is very low.…”

IoT‐based low‐cost prototype for online monitoring of maximum output power of domestic photovoltaic systems

“…The Internet of Things (IoT) conveys information through networks of physical devices (connected devices or smart devices), cars, buildings (smart cities), and any other electronic chip found in software, sensors, and any type of objects capable of collecting and exchanging data [3]. IoT enables objects to be remotely recognized and controlled through an existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration between the physical world and computer systems [4,5].…”