“…For the solar power tower plant, the north heliostat field is made of thousands of heliostats while the corresponding receiver isin the shape of cavity [24]. The optical efficiency of the heliostat field,f op , is divided into five parts: the cosine efficiency,f cos , the blocking and shading efficiency,f sb , the atmosphere attenuation efficiency,f att , the interception efficiency f itp , and the heliostat reflectivity f ref , which can be calculated by the specific algorithm [17],…”