“…For any given SCN, each functional level comprises an echelon, and there may be numerous facilities within each echelon (Beamon and Chen, 2001). This definition of the SCN structure is in accordance with the growing literature on complex networks, in which the SCN is modeled as a network by a set of "nodes" that represent autonomous business units (firms or facilities), and a set of "connections" (links) that link these firms together in demand-supply relationships for the purposes of creating products or services (Hearnshaw and Wilson, 2013;Gerschberger et al, 2012;Wen et al, 2012;Kim et al, 2011;Li et al, 2010a;Li et al, 2010b;Li et al, 2009;Choi et al, 2001).…”