Modeling and Optimization of Phosphate Recovery from Industrial Wastewater and Precipitation of Solid Fertilizer using Experimental Design Methodology

Shalaby, Marwa

doi:10.15255/cabeq.2014.2107

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…(i) Maximum yield of ~89% phosphate recovery can be obtained at pH 9.5, ammonium concentration of 2,000 mg L -1 , Mg/P ratio of 1.5 and a precipitation time of 40 min. Similar findings have reported that ~92.6% phosphate recovery can be obtained at pH 9.5, reaction time 34.76 min and 25.23°C temperature [40]. (ii) pH higher than 9.5 favors the formation of magnesium phosphate thereby reducing the amount of struvite formation.…”

Section: Interaction Effect Between the Process Factors And Phosphatesupporting

confidence: 87%

Optimization studies on the production of struvite from human urine – waste into value

Sathiasivan¹,

Ramaswamy²,

Rajesh³

2019

Desalination and Water Treatment

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a b s t r a c tRecovery of nutrients from wastewater streams has twin advantages of preventing eutrophication and providing value for the treatment process. Phosphate in significant quantities is available in sewage, with human urine accounting for a major portion. In this context, studies were conducted for the maximum recovery of phosphate as 'Struvite'. The significant variables that affect the struvite recovery from human urine were identified by Plackett Burman design and further optimized using a four factor central composite design. The optimal conditions for phosphate recovery were determined: pH 9.5, Mg to P ratio 1.5, precipitation time 40 min and ammonium concentration 2,000 mg L -1 . The maximum phosphate recovery obtained at optimal condition from synthetic urine sample was significantly higher than the real urine samples. The fertilizing ability of struvite so produced was assessed in comparison with normally used fertilizer 'Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP)' under identical conditions using Ixora coccinea L, a popular plant with medicinal values. The growth parameters of Ixora coccinea L were found to be significant for Struvite but could not match the performance of DAP. The twin advantages of lower cost of production particularly with the increasing demand for phosphorus and the utilization of environmentally benign waste product makes study relevant and attractive.

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Section: Interaction Effect Between the Process Factors And Phosphatesupporting

confidence: 87%

Optimization studies on the production of struvite from human urine – waste into value

Sathiasivan¹,

Ramaswamy²,

Rajesh³

2019

Desalination and Water Treatment

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“…It was noticed that the system obtained after mixing magnesium, ammonium and phosphate salts at the molar ratio 1:1:1 contains an excess of ammonium species in the solution and the precipitate that "was not struvite, but was probably composed of magnesium phosphates" [14] was obtained; it confirms the data obtained from [13]. Such inferences were formulated on the basis of X-ray diffraction (XRD) [30]- [32] of the crystallographic structure of the solid phase thus obtained. This remark is important in context with gravimetric analysis of magnesium as pyrophosphate [13].…”

Section: Dissolution Of Struvitementioning

confidence: 56%

Solubility and Dissolution in Terms of Generalized Approach to Electrolytic Systems Principles

Michałowska-Kaczmarczyk¹,

Michałowski²,

Toporek³

et al. 2015

JASMI

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The correct approach, based on the rules of conservation and detailed physicochemical/thermodynamic knowledge on the system considered is opposed to conventional approach to solubility and dissolution, based on stoichiometry of a reaction notation and on the solubility product (Ksp) of a precipitate. The correct approach is realized according to Generalized Approach to Electrolytic Systems (GATES) principles, with use of iterative programs applied for computational purposes. All the qualitative and quantitative knowledge is involved in the balances and independent expressions for the equilibrium constants. Three two-phase electrolytic systems with diversified chemical properties were selected carefully, from the viewpoint of their diversity. The results of calculations are presented graphically and discussed. The advantages of the GATES in resolution of two-phase (static) non-redox systems and one complex (dynamic) redox system are proved.

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“…The effluent was characterized for phosphorus, magnesium and ammonium concentrations. The stirring rate of 100 rpm, a reaction time of 60 min and 1h for liquid-solid phase equilibrium were set, as described in other works [ 18 , 30 ]. The dry solid precipitate with and without zeolite were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) (Rigaku MiniFlex diffractometer, Tokyo, Japan) and scanning electron microscopy-Energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS, the SEM/Xe-PFIB Microscope FEI Helios PFIB from Massachusetts, United States) as in previous studies [ 16 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite that, several reports indicated the need for a higher NH 4 + :PO 4 3− molar ratio of substrate during P recovery by struvite precipitation. These include the reported NH 4 + :PO 4 3− mole ratio of 3.1:1 applied on swine Wastewater [ 14 ]; 5:1 on Wastewater sludge [ 15 ]; 2.69:1 on whey [ 16 ], 6:1 on municipal Wastewater [ 17 ]; and 2.25:1 from industrial Wastewater [ 18 ]. Thus, there is a reasonable expectation of ammonium residue from crystallization effluent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrients Recovery from Dairy Wastewater by Struvite Precipitation Combined with Ammonium Sorption on Clinoptilolite

et al. 2021

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Struvite precipitation from Wastewater involves an excess of ammonium to create a supersaturated initial solution. The remaining fraction can be a threat to the environment. This work combined struvite precipitation and ammonium sorption using natural zeolite to decrease the ammonium level in the effluent. Two approaches of estimation of feed sample doses were used. One consisted of gradient experiments for ammonium precipitation to the asymptotic level and was combined with clinoptilolite to lower the ammonium level in the effluent. This approach used doses of 0.05:1.51:0.61:1 of Ca:Mg:NH4+:PO43− mole ratios, respectively. In contrast, three level design with narrowed NH4+:PO43− range reached 0.25:1.51:0.8:1 for Ca:Mg:NH4+:PO43− mole ratios. The addition of zeolite decreased effluent ammonium concentration. In both ways, the P and N recoveries were higher than 94% and 72%, respectively. The complexity of the precipitation mixture decreased the ammonium sorption capacity (Qe) of clinoptilolite from Qe of 0.52 to 0.10 meq∙g−1 in single and complex solutions, respectively. Thermodynamically, the addition of 1.5 % of clinoptilolite changed the struvite precipitation spontaneity from ∆G of −5.87 to −5.42 kJ·mol−1 and from 9.66 to 9.56 kJ·mol−1 for gradient and three level experimental procedures, respectively. Thus, clinoptilolite demonstrated a positive effect on the struvite precipitation process and its environmental impact.

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Modeling and Optimization of Phosphate Recovery from Industrial Wastewater and Precipitation of Solid Fertilizer using Experimental Design Methodology

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Optimization studies on the production of struvite from human urine – waste into value

Optimization studies on the production of struvite from human urine – waste into value

Solubility and Dissolution in Terms of Generalized Approach to Electrolytic Systems Principles

Nutrients Recovery from Dairy Wastewater by Struvite Precipitation Combined with Ammonium Sorption on Clinoptilolite

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