Modeling and optimization of an industrial hydrocracking unit to improve the yield of diesel or kerosene

Zhou, Hua; Lu, Jianxiang; Cao, Zhenggang; Shi, Jia; Pan, Ming; Li, Wei; Jiang, Qingyin

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.02.043

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…One of the advantages of industrial scale hydrocracking reactors that operate in trickle‐bed regime is their plug‐flow behaviour that leads to high conversion (Mederos et al, 2009). In recent research for a commercial hydrocracking rector, the plug‐flow pattern was assumed without scarifying the accuracy (Zhou et al, 2011). Hence, in this work, the Isomax reactor can be also assumed as an ideal plug‐flow reactor, resulting in a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with defined initial and boundary conditions.…”

Section: Model Of Vgo Hydrocracking Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many parameters, such as limitation of hydrogen feed; lack of VGO fresh feed; capability of equipment, such as turbine pumps and compressors to handle the optimised condition; energy expenses; recycle feed flow rate; and, most importantly, catalyst deactivation, were completely ignored in this research. In the most recent research in this field, Zhou et al (2011) tried to maximise the yields of kerosene and diesel produced in a commercial scale hydrocracking plant based on energy balance, mass balance and a lumped model. Although the temperature of reactor beds, adjusted by the hydrogen quench flow rates, were the only manipulating variables, and the expenses of the plant, such as energy, hydrogen, and operating constraints, were not included in the optimising programme, their results successfully showed that the yield of these products could be increased by about 1%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An optimisation approach for increasing the profit of a commercial VGO hydrocracking process

Sadighi

Ahmad

2012

Can J Chem Eng

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In this paper, an optimisation approach is proposed to increase the profit of a commercial hydrocracking unit called Isomax. To represent the system, a full-lump kinetic model incorporating the flow rate of fresh vacuum gas oil (VGO), bed temperatures, recycle flow rate and the catalyst life is developed. This model is capable of predicting the yield of all products, and it improves with respect to the previous works by considering LPG and light gases, fresh VGO and recycle streams as separate lumps. After developing and validating the model, the profit function of the plant, including the value of the products, fresh feed and hydrogen, as well as energy expenses, is optimised by manipulating the bed temperatures, flow rate of fresh VGO and combined feed ratio (CFR) whilst all process limitations and operating constraints are taken into account. During two years of study and considering all mechanical and operational constraints, the results confirm that the decision variables, generated by the optimisation package, can increase the gross profit of the Isomax process to about 8.17%, which is equal to $5.6 million of net profit annually.

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Section: Model Of Vgo Hydrocracking Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An optimisation approach for increasing the profit of a commercial VGO hydrocracking process

Sadighi

Ahmad

2012

Can J Chem Eng

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“…Hydrocracking is an important process in oil refining, in which the heavy feedstock is cracked into profitable products with low boiling point in a hydrogen-rich environment, e.g., naphtha, kerosene, and diesel [1,2]. Generally, the reactions taking place in a hydrocracking process can be divided into two types: refining and cracking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Intelligent Tray Efficiency Estimation Method for the Fractionation System of Industrial Hydrocracking Processes

et al. 2019

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An engineering-oriented tray efficiency estimation method for the hydrocracking fractionation system is proposed. As key parameter of the fractionation system, estimation of the tray efficiency is important and challenging due to the large computational burden given by the complexity of the fractionation system. Here, the high-dimensional tray efficiencies are screened first and divided into groups according to the spatial position. Then, an improved artificial bee colony algorithm is proposed to estimate the tray efficiencies of each group, in which two taboo lists are introduced to avoid repetitive search. The proposed method is validated using real industry data. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach is efficient in terms of estimation accuracy.

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“…These well-established and easily-implemented kinetic models have been widely adopted in petrochemical industries and have exhibited credible data and well-behaved simulation results (Elizalde and Ancheyta 2011, 2012, Zhou et al 2011a, Adam et al 2012, Wang et al 2012, Yang et al 2012). However, a few drawbacks remain, such as rough estimations of reaction processes due to rough lumping methods and the lack of a universal model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in kinetic predictions for complex reaction of hydrocarbons: from mechanism studies to industrial applications

Shi

Tan

Sun

2016

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

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AbstractKinetic predictions for complex reaction systems of hydrocarbons are theoretically and technologically crucial to the petrochemical industry. Among several proposed kinetic models, a lumping kinetic model is a comparatively simple and developed method wherein a complex system is lumped into several pseudo-components. To acquire more accurate mechanistic information, kinetic models at the mechanistic level are developed, such as single-event kinetic and structure-oriented models. However, the number of kinetic parameters increases exponentially in these methods. Lumping kinetic methods are then reexamined, and kinetic models, such as relumping single-event kinetic methods, bimolecular methods, and special pseudo-component methods, are proposed to simplify the reaction system. Many mathematical methods, such as annealing algorithm or artificial neural networks, have also been developed to solve these complex reaction problems. Although a number of complex intrinsic reaction studies have been introduced, the combination of excellent prediction performances and practical industrial applicability remains a central challenge facing this field. This situation motivated this study, to review the recent development of reaction prediction models and their application in industrial processes. Furthermore, the practical applications of these possible pathways of kinetic predictions for mechanistic studies are addressed.

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Modeling and optimization of an industrial hydrocracking unit to improve the yield of diesel or kerosene

Cited by 36 publications

References 24 publications

An optimisation approach for increasing the profit of a commercial VGO hydrocracking process

An optimisation approach for increasing the profit of a commercial VGO hydrocracking process

An Intelligent Tray Efficiency Estimation Method for the Fractionation System of Industrial Hydrocracking Processes

Progress in kinetic predictions for complex reaction of hydrocarbons: from mechanism studies to industrial applications

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