Modeling and Optimal Control of a Hydrogen Storage System for Wind Farm Output Power Smoothing

Abdelghany, Muhammad Bakr; Shehzad, Muhammad Faisal; Liuzza, Davide; Mariani, Valerio; Glielmo, Luigi

doi:10.1109/cdc42340.2020.9304133

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Figure 2 depicts the scenario addressed, which is similar to that of [8], however with significant differences about the technological assumptions on the electrolyzer and the fuel cell, among the others.…”

Section: Description Of the Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, except for Abdelghany et al [8], to the best of the authors' knowledge, the literature seems to not address exactly the use-case energy-storage as identified by the IEA-HIA in the final report of Task 24. In particular, this paper shares some similarities with Abdelghany et al [8]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Moving forward to timescales of the order of minutes, for example Lyu et al [4] develops an automatic generation control for power smoothing which is set in response to the actual grid needs. At this point, the literature jumps to timescales of the order of hours, targeting, e.g., market participation/demand response programs [5][6][7] but without power smoothing, which instead is investigated in Abdelghany et al [8], where an MPC-based strategy is developed featuring a two-step sequential optimization: firstly, a function of the previous output power variations, such that the new decided value does not lie too far from previous ones, is minimized; secondly, other costs are minimized, such as, e.g., a reference tracking cost, and, among the others, a similar function used in the first step is constrained so as not to exceed the previously optimal computed value. In this paper, we investigate a scenario similar to [8], which shares some of the authors of this paper; however, later, the differences will be highlighted in order to identify the major advancements and novelties beyond the state of the art.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These assumptions and corresponding consequences are beneficial because they enable the formulation of simpler Mixed-Integer Linear (MIL) programs equipped with a reduced number of constraints to be fulfilled, e.g., with respect to [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Operating Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage Systems in Wind Farms for Smooth Power Injection: A Penalty Fees Aware Model Predictive Control

2022

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Smooth power injection is one of the possible services that modern wind farms could provide in the not-so-far future, for which energy storage is required. Indeed, this is one among the three possible operations identified by the International Energy Agency (IEA)-Hydrogen Implementing Agreement (HIA) within the Task 24 final report, that may promote their integration into the main grid, in particular when paired to hydrogen-based energy storages. In general, energy storage can mitigate the inherent unpredictability of wind generation, providing that they are deployed with appropriate control algorithms. On the contrary, in the case of no storage, wind farm operations would be strongly affected, as well as their economic performances since the penalty fees wind farm owners/operators incur in case of mismatches between the contracted power and that actually delivered. This paper proposes a Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm that operates a Hydrogen-based Energy Storage System (HESS), consisting of one electrolyzer, one fuel cell and one tank, paired to a wind farm committed to smooth power injection into the grid. The MPC relies on Mixed-Logic Dynamic (MLD) models of the electrolyzer and the fuel cell in order to leverage their advanced features and handles appropriate cost functions in order to account for the operating costs, the potential value of hydrogen as a fuel and the penalty fee mechanism that may negatively affect the expected profits generated by the injection of smooth power. Numerical simulations are conducted by considering wind generation profiles from a real wind farm in the center-south of Italy and spot prices according to the corresponding market zone. The results show the impact of each cost term on the performances of the controller and how they can be effectively combined in order to achieve some reasonable trade-off. In particular, it is highlighted that a static choice of the corresponding weights can lead to not very effective handling of the effects given by the combination of the system conditions with the various exogenous’, while a dynamic choice may suit the purpose instead. Moreover, the simulations show that the developed models and the set-up mathematical program can be fruitfully leveraged for inferring indications on the devices’ sizing.

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Section: Description Of the Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Operating Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage Systems in Wind Farms for Smooth Power Injection: A Penalty Fees Aware Model Predictive Control

2022

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“…However, this curtailment can be tapped with the conversion of excessive RE into other types of energy such as green hydrogen (Yan et al, 2018). Additionally, given the intermittent production of RE from wind due to fluctuations in wind speed, green hydrogen can be used to store excess RE as well as to provide additional service to the grid for power balance smoothing (Abdelghany et al, 2020). This sets an advantage of hybrid systems which improve the reliability of the whole system, decrease the cost of implementation and maintenance, and reduce GHG emissions (Rezaei et al, 2019).…”

Section: Green Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for Production and Utilization of Green Hydrogen in the Philippines

Collera

Agaton

2021

IJEEP

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Medium voltage level power control using distributed photo-voltaic generation and hydrogen storage

Parada Contzen

2024

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems

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Modeling and Optimal Control of a Hydrogen Storage System for Wind Farm Output Power Smoothing

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Operating Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage Systems in Wind Farms for Smooth Power Injection: A Penalty Fees Aware Model Predictive Control

Operating Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage Systems in Wind Farms for Smooth Power Injection: A Penalty Fees Aware Model Predictive Control

Opportunities for Production and Utilization of Green Hydrogen in the Philippines

Medium voltage level power control using distributed photo-voltaic generation and hydrogen storage

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