Modeling and Experimental Study of Porous Carbon Cathodes in Li-O2 Cells with Non-Aqueous Electrolyte

Nimon, Vitaliy; Visco, Steven J.; Jonghe, Lutgard C. De; Volfkovich, Yury M.; Bograchev, D. A.

doi:10.1149/2.004304eel

Cited by 31 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We have demonstrated that the order of discharge product deposition in the pores of different sizes depends on the surface properties of the carbon pore walldischarge product-liquid electrolyte system [31]. The discharge product aging also depends on the properties of this three-component system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Although the morphology of Li 2 O 2 particles formed during discharge of Li-Air cells with nonaqueous electrolyte has been studied [28,29] (see review in [30]), to the best of our knowledge, the effect of Li 2 O 2 precipitate aging has not been described in the literature. We modified the mathematical model presented in [31] to describe this effect. It was assumed that at the low charge current densities used in our experiments, the oxygen released during charge dissolved into the electrolyte and did not contribute to gas porosity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was assumed that at the low charge current densities used in our experiments, the oxygen released during charge dissolved into the electrolyte and did not contribute to gas porosity. The model [31] was based on our experimental porosimetry data, which indicated that precipitation of the discharge product started in the small cathode pores (mesopores with radii less than 10 nm). The equations describing mass and charge transport, reaction current, mass balance, and discharge product precipitation and dissolution are presented in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aqueous and nonaqueous lithium-air batteries enabled by water-stable lithium metal electrodes

Visco

Nimon

Petrov

et al. 2014

J Solid State Electrochem

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The extremely high theoretical energy density of the lithium-oxygen couple makes it very attractive for nextgeneration battery development. However, there are a number of challenging technical hurdles that must be addressed for LiAir batteries to become a commercial reality. In this article, we demonstrate how the invention of water-stable, solid electrolyte-protected lithium electrodes solves many of these issues and paves the way for the development of aqueous and nonaqueous Li-Air batteries with unprecedented energy densities. We also show data for fully packaged Li-Air cells that achieve more than 800 Wh/kg.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aqueous and nonaqueous lithium-air batteries enabled by water-stable lithium metal electrodes

Visco

Nimon

Petrov

et al. 2014

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…16 The battery contains a zirconia ZYF-50 separator and uses non-aqueous electrolyte with a concentration of 0.5 M of LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 . The initial pore size distribution function shown in Fig.…”

Section: Simulation Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, continuum modeling techniques based on drift-diffusion approximations can be used to predict the charge-discharge characteristics of Li-ion batteries and capacitors [11][12][13] and to analyze the limitations and potential of metal-air batteries and fuels cells. [14][15][16][17][18] Continuum modeling can also be used to optimize the power and energy density of the cathode by modifying the spatial distribution of the catalyst inside the electrodes or by using structures with spatially nonuniform porosities. [19][20][21] Continuum modeling techniques can be coupled with mesoscale models to build multiscale simulators, 22 however they still cannot be used to model electrochemical systems in real-time, for instance to predict the state-of-charge and state-of-health of batteries in portable electronic or electric vehicle applications.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing the Cathode Microstructure to Improve the Capacity of Li-Air Batteries: Theoretical Predictions

Bevara¹,

Andrei²

2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The transport equations in Li-air batteries are revisited and modified to account for different pore microstructures, pore size distribution effects and electron transport through the discharge product. Different material microstructures are analyzed including structures made of spherical and cylindrical pores, nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and nanofibers, and a new hybrid model is proposed to describe the deposition of discharge product in the cathode. It is shown that although the different microstructures result in different dynamics in which the pores are being filled, they lead to relatively similar values of the energy and power densities. Microstructures based on carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, and spherical particles tend to increase the effective size of the fibers and particles during the first part of the discharge process and result in a slight increase of the cell voltage at the beginning of the discharge. The power density of Li-air batteries decreases with the variance of the pore size distribution function, while the capacity shows a slight increase with the variance of this distribution. In general, the resistivity of the deposit layer (e.g. Li 2 O 2 , Li 2 O, etc.) has a negative effect on the performance of Li-air batteries. However, it is shown that, as long as this resistivity is not too large, the deposit layer tends to increase the capacity of the battery by approximately 10%. This rather unexpected phenomenon is attributed to the fact that the voltage drop across the deposit layer reduces the reaction rate at the air side of the cathode and, in this way, delays the formation of the deposit product in this region. Growing greenhouse gas emissions and degrading air quality due to electric power generation by fossil fuels have resulted in a shift in interest toward less-polluting and sustainable energy sources such as wind and solar energy.1 Heat-trapping greenhouse gasses resulting from human activity, such as burning fossil fuels, contribute to climate change around the world including rising sea levels, above average temperatures, heavy precipitations and droughts in certain regions, dwindling ecosystems, and others.2-4 There is, therefore, an increasing pressure on governments and industry worldwide to move to safer, environmentally friendly, renewable sources. The penetration of renewable energy sources in electric grids is however expected to produce large power fluctuations that are detrimental to the security and safety of the grid. To smooth out these power fluctuations it is important to utilize storage systems that are charging when there is less demand for power in the grid and discharging during high-demand periods. Among the existing energy storage systems, electrochemical systems based on metal-air batteries can potentially provide compact, high energy density, and environmentally friendly energy storage devices for the electric grid.5 In addition to grid applications, metal-air systems also have great potential to be used in the electric vehicle industry. The theoretical spec...

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Lithium‐Ionen‐Technologie und was danach kommen könnte

Bieker

Winter

2016

Chemie in nserer Zeit

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In einem zweigeteilten Aufsatz berichten wir über die Grundlagen und diversen Zellchemien von Hochenergieakkumulatoren. Im ersten Teil haben wir beschrieben, welche Voraussetzungen erfüllt sein müssen, um eine wiederaufladbare Batterie mit hohen Energieinhalten pro Gewicht und Volumen, also eine “Superbatterie” zu realisieren. Dabei haben wir festgestellt, dass die Hochenergie‐Zukunftstechnologien Brennstoffzelle als auch Metall‐Luft‐Zelle schon zu Anfang der Batteriegeschichte entdeckt wurden, und dass eine Superbatterie mit Elektroden auf der Basis von Li‐Metall bzw. Li‐Einlagerungsmaterialien im Moment am vielversprechendsten erscheint. In diesem zweiten Teil haben wir diese Li‐Batterietechnologien im Detail beschreiben, aber auch Alternativsysteme vorgestellt. Allen Batteriesystemen ist gemein, dass sie einem anderen energieliefernden Reaktionsmechanismus als eine thermische Verbrennung folgen. In Hinsicht auf elektromobile Anwendungen ist ein Vergleich der Energieinhalte von Batterie und Benzinverbrennungsmotor deshalb nur bedingt fair und zielführend.

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Modeling and Experimental Study of Porous Carbon Cathodes in Li-O2 Cells with Non-Aqueous Electrolyte

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Aqueous and nonaqueous lithium-air batteries enabled by water-stable lithium metal electrodes

Aqueous and nonaqueous lithium-air batteries enabled by water-stable lithium metal electrodes

Changing the Cathode Microstructure to Improve the Capacity of Li-Air Batteries: Theoretical Predictions

Lithium‐Ionen‐Technologie und was danach kommen könnte

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