Modeling and Control of an Air Conditioner Powered by PV Energy and the Grid Using a DC Microgrid

Abstract

This paper presents the mathematical modeling and control design procedure of the compressor motor of an air conditioner using the energy from a photovoltaic system combined with the power grid in a DC microgrid. A comprehensive model considers the interconnection of the photovoltaic cells with their associated DC/DC converter, the DC bus, the three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor with its driver, the bidirectional DC/AC converter, the output filter, and the power grid. The state-of-the-art showed that a complete mathematical model of the proposed system is unavailable. Therefore, the mathematical model of the system is compared and validated in simulation with a block diagram in the Matlab/Simulink environment. In addition, several control approaches are used in the whole system to track the maximum power point of the photovoltaic cells, obtain a soft start on the machine, control the velocity using the variable frequency drive, regulate the DC bus voltage, and manage the power flow between the DC bus and the power grid.

Fuzzy Approach for Managing Renewable Energy Flows for DC-Microgrid with Composite PV-WT Generators and Energy Storage System

“…Recent works of scientific literature propose efficient algorithms for the control and management of energy flow, ensuring maximum power transfer (through the use of maximum point power (MPPT) directly in the algorithms [15,16]), even in adverse or otherwise changing weather conditions [17][18][19][20]. However, it should be noted that the scale limitations and the limited capacity of the accumulator do not allow AC-MGs to provide long-term energy, so it is necessary to use modular FCs to guarantee adequate power with continuity and with rapid response to load variations (common diesel generators are to be excluded because they are polluting and characterized by reduced efficiency) [21,22].…”