Modeling and Control of Aggregate Air Conditioning Loads for Robust Renewable Power Management

Bashash, Saeid; Fathy, Hosam K.

doi:10.1109/tcst.2012.2204261

Cited by 255 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Note that, unlike [10], we have retained the temperature variation around the setpoint, which ultimately produces the reaction terms in (10)-(11). The power consumption of the total population may be obtained by integrating the distribution of TCLs in the on-state:…”

Section: Homogeneous Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, to exploit the full potential of demand side management, one requires mathematical models that describe the dy- * Address all correspondence to this author. namical behavior of the TCL population as accurately as possible [5,[7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second model includes a diffusion term to account for the actual heterogeneity amongst the TCL parameters (e.g., thermal time constants, temperature dead-band limits). In doing so, we expand upon existing PDE-based TCL models which either do not take heterogeneity explicitly into account [10], or model heterogeneity using Markov Chains [14,15]. We also present a novel scheme for identifying the parameters in the PDE model based on measurements of aggregated power consumption and the rate at which loads switch on/off.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modeling Heterogeneous Populations of Thermostatically Controlled Loads Using Diffusion-Advection PDEs

Moura

Ruiz

Bendsten

2013

Volume 2: Control, Monitoring, and Energy Harvesting of Vibratory Systems; Cooperative and Networked Control; Delay Systems; Dy

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This paper focuses on developing a partial differential equation (PDE)-based model and parameter identification scheme for heterogeneous populations of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs). First, a coupled two-state hyperbolic PDE model for homogenous TCL populations is derived. This model is extended to heterogeneous populations by including a diffusive term, which provides an elegant PDE control-oriented model. Second, a novel parameter identification scheme is derived for the PDE model structure, which utilizes only boundary measurements and aggregated power measurements. Simulation results against a Monte Carlo model of a large TCL population demonstrate the usefulness of the approach. The proposed model and parameter identification scheme provide system critical information for advanced demand side management control systems.

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Section: Homogeneous Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Modeling Heterogeneous Populations of Thermostatically Controlled Loads Using Diffusion-Advection PDEs

Moura

Ruiz

Bendsten

2013

Volume 2: Control, Monitoring, and Energy Harvesting of Vibratory Systems; Cooperative and Networked Control; Delay Systems; Dy

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“…Based on the widely used equivalent thermal parameters (ETP) model for a decentralized AC load, a comfort-constrained state-queueing model is adopted to model and control the aggregated thermostatically controlled appliances in [16,17]. Bashash et al [18] develops a bilinear partial differential equation model and a sliding mode controller for the real-time management of thermostatic AC loads. Zhang et al [19] builds a highly accurate aggregated model for a heterogeneous population of AC loads and designs a novel aggregated control strategy for the load population under realistic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy of constructing virtual peaking unit by public buildings’ central air conditioning loads for day-ahead power dispatching

Yang

Wang

2017

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

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With the gradually widely usage of the air conditioning (AC) loads in developing countries, the urban power grid load has swiftly increased over the past decade. Especially in China, the AC load has accounted for over 30% of the maximum load in many cities during summer. This paper proposes a scheme of constructing a virtual peaking unit (VPU) by public buildings' cool storage central AC (CSCAC) systems and non-CSCAC (NCSCAC) systems for the day-ahead power network dispatching (DAPND). Considering the accumulation effect of different meteorological parameters, a short term load forecasting method of public building's central AC (CAC) baseline load is firstly discussed. Then, a second-order equivalent thermal parameters model is established for the public building's CAC load. Moreover, the novel load reduction control strategies for the public building's CSCAC system and the public building's NCSCAC system are respectively presented. Furthermore, based on the multiple-rank control strategy, the model of the DAPND with the participation of a VPU is set up. The VPU is composed of large-scale regulated public building's CAC loads. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, results of a sample study on a region in Nanjing which involves 22 public buildings' CAC loads are described in this paper. Simulated results show that, by adopting the proposed DAPND scheme, the power network peak load in the region obviously decreases with a small enough deviation between the regulated load value and the dispatching instruction of the VPU. The total electricity-saving amount accounts for 7.78% of total electricity consumption of the VPU before regulation.

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“…In particular, one may exploit the flexibility and large number of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) to enhance grid reliability and enable renewable energy penetration [2], [3]. However, to leverage the full potential of DSM schemes, one requires mathematical models that describe their dynamical behavior [3], [4], [5], [6], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observer design for boundary coupled PDEs: Application to thermostatically controlled loads in smart grids

Moura

Bendtsen

Ruiz

2013

52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

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Abstract-This paper develops methods for state estimation of aggregated thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) in smart grids, via partial differential equation (PDE) techniques. TCLs include on/off controlled devices, such as heat pumps, HVAC systems, and deep freezers. Control of aggregated TCLs provides a promising opportunity to mitigate the mismatch between power generation and demand, thus enhancing grid reliability and enabling renewable energy penetration. However, persistent communication between thousands of TCLs to a central server can be prohibitive. To this end, this paper focuses on designing a state estimation scheme for a PDEbased model of aggregated TCLs, thus reducing the required communication. First, a two-state linear hyperbolic PDE model for homogenous TCL populations is presented. This model is extended to heterogeneous populations by including a diffusive term. Next, a state observer is derived, which uses only measurements of how many TCLs turn on/off at any given time. The design is proven to be exponentially stable via backstepping techniques. Finally, the observer's properties are demonstrated via simulation examples. The estimator provides system-critical information for power system monitoring and control.

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Modeling and Control of Aggregate Air Conditioning Loads for Robust Renewable Power Management

Cited by 255 publications

References 17 publications

Modeling Heterogeneous Populations of Thermostatically Controlled Loads Using Diffusion-Advection PDEs

Modeling Heterogeneous Populations of Thermostatically Controlled Loads Using Diffusion-Advection PDEs

Strategy of constructing virtual peaking unit by public buildings’ central air conditioning loads for day-ahead power dispatching

Observer design for boundary coupled PDEs: Application to thermostatically controlled loads in smart grids

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