Modeling and Control of a Low-Speed Flywheel Driving System for Pulsed-Load Mitigation in DC Distribution Networks

Abstract

This paper details the modeling and development of an improved controller design for a DC Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS) driving circuit. The Driving system is based on a Bi-directional Buck-Boost converter. The modeling of this converter including the parasitic resistances for all the components was carried out. In this model, the equivalent circuit of the machine was integrated in the converter state space model for improved accuracy and controllability. The system has two operating modes; when the FESS is charging, the converter operates in the buck mode. A controller was designed to regulate the charging rate through controlling the machine's terminal voltage. In the discharging mode, the converter operates in the boost mode. A current controller takes over to control the injected current from the machine to the DC bus. The detailed design of both control loops was identified. Simulation results show the accuracy of the derived model and the enhanced performance of the FESS. Further, it is shown that the reversal of power flow direction was performed seamlessly. A hardware prototype of the converter was implemented and the effectiveness of the developed system was experimentally verified. The experimental results are in excellent agreement with the simulation.Index Terms-DC-DC converters, flywheel, pulsed load, shipboard power system.

Improving the Satellite Power Supply Continuity using Flywheel Energy Storage System

“…For a singlematerial, isotropic rotors, this relationship can be expressed by Eq. ( 4) as mentioned in [11].…”

“…However, the rotor is made of high-strength carbon fiber composites that have a higher tensile strength and can store much more energy for the same mass, while spinning at speeds of up to 50,000 rpm in a vacuum container. Moreover, the flywheel can reach its capacity in a matter of minutes [11,13]. Due to their low weight, high energy density, high efficiency, high reliability and high speed, Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are the most common type used in FESS.…”

“…Moreover, a flowchart of the management control duty will be demonstrated as shown in Fig. (11). 1) Mode 1: this mode will be activated in sun light duration.…”

“…In addition, a comparison between the two systems was investigated considering their efficiency, reliability, weight, operational temperature and self-discharge dissipation to conclude the recommendations about their use in terms of their capability. Moreover, T. Elsayed et al, 2016, designed a controller to regulate the charging rate through controlling the flywheel terminal voltage [11]. Two modes of operations have been studied in this research, i.e., charging and discharging modes.…”

An Accurate Discrete Current Controller for High-Speed PMSMs/Gs in Flywheel Applications

“…A Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS) is a mechanical energy storage system that stores energy through a high-speed rotational flywheel driven by an integrated motor/generator and a power converter [1]. Due to its high-energy transfer efficiency, high instantaneous power, fast dynamic response, long cycle lifetime, and low pollution to environments [2,3], the application of FESS has been widely researched within a wide range of fields including electrical vehicles, naval warships, aerospace applications, micro grids, wind power plants, and so on [4][5][6][7].…”