Modeling and control of a food extrusion process

Elsey, Justin; Riepenhausen, Jorg; McKay, Ben; Barton, G.W.; Willis, M.J.

doi:10.1016/s0098-1354(97)87528-x

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…[98] It is widely used in the food industry for products such as pastas and breakfast cereals, due to its versatility, high productivity, low cost and energy efficiency, resulting in the potential for improved cost-effectiveness when compared to traditional processing methods. [99,100] A screw extruder consists of several main features-a barrel, a screw or screws, heating source, feed hopper and feed ports, a drive, and a die where the extruded product emerges (Fig. 9).…”

Section: Continuous Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confectionery Gels: A Review on Formulation, Rheological and Structural Aspects

Burey

Bhandari

Rutgers³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Food Properties

130

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A confectionery gel (CG) consists of high sugar components of sucrose and glucose syrup, combined with gelling components such as starch, gelatin, or pectin, along with food acid, flavourings and colourings. Common CG products include "jelly snakes," "jelly babies," "jelly beans," and form a portion of the lucrative confectionery market; however, there are continual consumer demands for more interesting and innovative products that have new and exciting textures, flavors and appearances. Improving or modifying CG textures can meet these demands, but first an understanding of how the behaviour and structure of the gel is developed must be achieved. Companies that will gain a competitive advantage in the confectionery market will be those able to actively manipulate and control sensory properties to meet exacting customer demands. This paper is a review of literature available on confectionery gels, their components, and factors that may affect their microstructure, texture, and rheology.

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Section: Continuous Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confectionery Gels: A Review on Formulation, Rheological and Structural Aspects

Burey

Bhandari

Rutgers³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Food Properties

130

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“…So far, most of the control‐oriented models of extruders are derived from empirical and oversimplified models of limited operational range. Control strategies for control of the temperature profile, output flow rate, or pressure dynamics are proposed for traditional extrusion processes based on empirical models, including PID, predictive controllers, and lead–lag compensators .…”

Section: Control Of the Delay‐free System With A ‘Bang‐bang’ Control Lawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time‐ and State‐Dependent Input Delay‐Compensated Bang‐Bang Control of a Screw Extruder for 3D Printing

Bekiaris-Liberis

Krstić

2017

Intl J Robust & Nonlinear

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Summary In this paper, a delay‐compensated bang‐bang control design methodology for the control of the nozzle output flow rate of screw extruder‐based three‐dimensional printing processes is developed. A geometrical decomposition of the screw extruder in a partially and a fully filled regions allows to describe the material convection in the extruder chamber by a one‐dimensional hyperbolic partial differential equation (PDE) coupled with an ordinary differential equation. After solving the hyperbolic PDE by the method of characteristics, the coupled PDE–ordinary differential equation's system is transformed into a nonlinear state‐dependent input delay system. The aforementioned delay system is extended to the non‐isothermal case with the consideration of periodic fluctuations acting on the material's convection speed, which represent the process variabilities due to temperature changes in the extruder chamber, resulting to a nonlinear system with an input delay that simultaneously depends on the state and the time variable. Global exponential stability of the nonlinear delay‐free plant is established under a piecewise exponential feedback controller that is designed. By combining the nominal, piecewise exponential feedback controller with nonlinear predictor feedback, the compensation of the time‐dependent and state‐dependent input delay of the extruder model is achieved. Global asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop system under the bang‐bang predictor feedback control law is established when certain conditions related to the extruder design and the material properties, as well as to the magnitude and frequency of the materials transport speed variations, are satisfied. Simulations results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control design. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…For instance the work of Gray et al (1996b) on the modelling of a simple simulated water tank example. In more recent work, Elsey et al (1997), apply a hybrid GP approach for the development of a cooking extrusion process (using GP to develop rheological models for an otherwise mechanistic extruder model), while McKay et al(1997a) uses a hybrid GP technique for the modelling of a fed-batch fermentation process.…”

Section: Systems Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic programming: an introduction and survey of applications

Willis¹,

Hiden²,

Marenbach³

et al. 1997

Second International Conference on Genetic Algorithms in Engineering Systems

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The aim of this paper is to provide an introduction to the rapidly developing field of genetic programming (GP). Particular emphasis is placed on the application of GP to engineering problem solving. First, the basic methodology is introduced. This is followed by a review of applications in the areas of systems modelling, control, optimisation and scheduling, design and signal processing. The paper concludes by suggesting potential avenues of research.

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Modeling and control of a food extrusion process

Cited by 19 publications

References 3 publications

Confectionery Gels: A Review on Formulation, Rheological and Structural Aspects

Confectionery Gels: A Review on Formulation, Rheological and Structural Aspects

Time‐ and State‐Dependent Input Delay‐Compensated Bang‐Bang Control of a Screw Extruder for 3D Printing

Genetic programming: an introduction and survey of applications

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