Modeling and analysis of tuberculosis and pneumonia co-infection dynamics with cost-effective strategies

Gweryina, Reuben Iortyer; Madubueze, Chinwendu Emilian; Bajiya, Vijay Pal; Esla, Filibus  Esson

doi:10.1016/j.rico.2023.100210

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similarly, due to the significant global incidence of both diseases, co-infection between Pneumoccus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was unavoidable. 37,38 Patients were categorized based on treatment regimens, with 63.2% new MTB patients in the intensive phase, 10.5% in the continuation phase, and 50% in the intensive phase with RIF resistance. Reported by Sotgiu, 39 the 6-month treatment was nearly 100 percent successful; however, following a two-year follow-up period, the relapse rate can range from 0% to 7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diagnostic concordance between micro real-time PCR and Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media assays for pulmonary tuberculosis detection with associated clinical characteristics

Khutade,

Patil,

Shah

et al. 2024

IJMMTD

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Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that can affect various parts of the body, with lung infections being the most common cause. In this study, drug susceptibility testing (DST) using LJ media was compared to Truenat testing to detect rifampicin resistance in sputum smear-positive cases with related clinical characteristics. The Vedantaa Institute of Medical Sciences conducted a laboratory-based study from July 2023 to December 2023, enrolling 102 clinical isolates. Sputum smears with acid-fast bacilli were cultured in LJ medium, isolated, and grown with rifampicin for resistance observation and a correlation with Truenat.The study found that individuals aged 21–30 had the highest prevalence of TB. The highest detection ratio was shown in the Below Poverty Line (BPL) at 84.2%, and Rifampicin (RIF) resistance was detected at 75%. A TB positive ratio of 68.4% were found to be both alcoholic and smoker population and 42.1% were found to have asthma and liver disease, no Rifampicin (RIF) resistance was detected in both the population. In HIV patients 50% RIF resistance was detected. MTB coinfections were observed in 68.4% of pneumonia patients. The LJ culture test had 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity for MTB detection, while the Truenat test had 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for both MTB testing and MTB/RIF resistance detection.Demographic, clinical, and social variables, including alcoholics and smokers, asthma and liver disease, hypertension, diabetes, and co-infection with pneumonia, were the main factors for pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Micro-real-time PCR has higher clinical sensitivity for MTB detection, while conventional tests predict rifampicin resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diagnostic concordance between micro real-time PCR and Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media assays for pulmonary tuberculosis detection with associated clinical characteristics

Khutade,

Patil,

Shah

et al. 2024

IJMMTD

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“…According to the study's findings, employing all three measures at once yields the best disease control outcomes. [13] developed a co-infection mathematical model of tuberculosis and pneumonia with cost-effective strategies. The sensitivity analysis of the study indicated that the recovery rate was the parameter that influenced the reduction of the two diseases when increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Model and Analysis of Pneumonia on Children Under Five Years with Malnutrition

Ndendya,

Liana

2024

SSRN Journal

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“…Owing to a lack of resources, the significant illness burden that these endemics together impose necessitates an efficient intervention to mitigate the impact. Thus, the authors in Gweryina et al [27] inclusive breastfeeding children are more exposed to pneumonia than those children breastfeed exclusively. However, they did not take into account optimal control analysis in their research.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost effectiveness and optimal control analysis for bimodal pneumonia dynamics with the effect of children's breastfeeding

Legesse,

Rao,

Keno

2023

Front. Appl. Math. Stat.

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The global impact of exclusive versus inclusive nursing on particular baby mortalities and morbidities from conception to 6 months is examined in this study. Exclusive breastfeeding practices are more crucial and effective in preventing illness outbreaks when there is no access to appropriate medications or vaccinations. Additionally, this study takes optimal control theory into account, applying it to a system of differential equations that uses Pontryagin's Maximum Principle to describe a bimodal pneumonia transmission behavior in a vulnerable compartment. The proposed pneumonia transmission model was then updated to include two control variables. These include preventing illness exposure in susceptible children through various preventative measures and treating infected children through antibiotics, hospital care, and other treatments. If the threshold number (ℜ0) is less than one, then treatment and prevention rates are increased, and the disease will be wiped out of the population. However, when (ℜ0) is greater than one, then the disease persists in the population, which indicates that prevention and treatment rates are low. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of all potential control techniques and their combinations, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was determined. The simulation results of the identified model show that the interventions of prevention and treatment scenarios were the most successful in eradicating the dynamics of the pneumonia disease's propagation during the epidemic, but they were ineffective from a cost-saving perspective. Therefore, limiting pneumonia transmission to prevention alone during an outbreak is the most economical course of action.

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Modeling and analysis of tuberculosis and pneumonia co-infection dynamics with cost-effective strategies

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

The diagnostic concordance between micro real-time PCR and Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media assays for pulmonary tuberculosis detection with associated clinical characteristics

The diagnostic concordance between micro real-time PCR and Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media assays for pulmonary tuberculosis detection with associated clinical characteristics

Mathematical Model and Analysis of Pneumonia on Children Under Five Years with Malnutrition

Cost effectiveness and optimal control analysis for bimodal pneumonia dynamics with the effect of children's breastfeeding

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