Modeling and analysis of LiFePO4/Carbon battery considering two-phase transition during galvanostatic charging/discharging

A reduced order electrochemical and thermal model for a pouch type lithium ion polymer battery with LiNixMnyCo1−x−yO2/LiFePO4 blended cathode

“…Mathematical models for NMC cells and LFP cells were developed separately in previous work [18,19]. The governing equations for the two models are summarized in Table 1, including the mass transport equations in both solid and solution phase, the Ohm's law for both solid and solution phase, the Butler-Volmer equation, the energy equation, and the SOC equation that is derived using ion concentration.…”

Core-shell enhanced single particle model for LiFePO$_4$ batteries

“…( 2)), the small enough avoids the rise of singularities during transitions from one-phase to two-phase condition. According to [5], the left hand side of the positive particle diffusion Eq. ( 6) can be transformed from r χ domain as…”

“…To account for the path dependence of battery operation, the coreshell model prescribes different phases to the core and shell depending on whether the battery is charging or discharging. Successful implementation of this core-shell model has been demonstrated in [5], [6] for the pseudo-two-dimensional (P2D) model and single particle model (SPM), respectively. In this paper, a core-shell enhanced single particle model (ESPM) is formulated.…”

Effect of charge rate on capacity degradation of LiFePO 4 power battery at low temperature

“…[10][11][12] Inhomogeneous lithium deposition occurs on the surface of carbon negative electrode when its potential is down below 100 mV vs Li/Li +. [13][14][15] When those metallic depositions arise on the surface of the anode, intercalation of the lithium between the anode and electrolyte can be interfered, and the loss of lithium will increase, resulting in capacity loss. 3 Burow et al 16 found that a large-rate pulse (8C) cycle at −15°C resulted in a nonuniform distribution of temperature and lithium plating to ternary battery in the negative electrode and lithium plating recovery situation occurred at 60% SOC.…”

“…The principle is shown in Figure 1. 29 When charging/discharging, the Li + intercalation/deintercalation of the positive electrode are as follows 14 :…”