Modeling and analysis of heat emissions from buildings to ambient air

Hong, Tianzhen; Ferrando, Martina; Luo, Xuan; Causone, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115566

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Mostly, the interactions rely on longwave radiation exchanges [130]. They occur between the external surfaces of buildings and the sky (with low effective temperature), the ground (whose temperature usually changes slower than the one of the air), and other surfaces (including other buildings' surfaces, GBIs, etc.…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban building energy modeling (UBEM) tools: A state-of-the-art review of bottom-up physics-based approaches

Ferrando

Causone

Hong

et al. 2020

Sustainable Cities and Society

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181

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Regulations corroborate the importance of retrofitting existing building stocks or constructing new energy-efficient districts. There is, thus, a need for modeling tools to evaluate energy scenarios to better manage and design cities, and numerous methodologies and tools have been developed. Among them, Urban Building Energy Modelling (UBEM) tools allow the energy simulation of buildings at large scales. Choosing an appropriate UBEM tool, balancing the level of complexity, accuracy, usability, and computing needs, remains a challenge for users. The review focuses on the main bottom-up physics-based UBEM tools, comparing them from a user-oriented perspective. Five categories are used: (i) the required inputs, (ii) the reported outputs, (iii) the exploited workflow, (iv) the applicability of each tool, and (v) the potential users. Moreover, a critical discussion is proposed, focusing on interests and trends in research and development. The results highlighted major differences between UBEM tools that must be considered to choose the proper one for an application. Barriers of adoption of UBEM tools include the needs of a standardized ontology, a common threedimensional city model, a standard procedure to collect data, and a standard set of test cases. This feeds into future development of UBEM tools to support cities' sustainability goals.

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Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban building energy modeling (UBEM) tools: A state-of-the-art review of bottom-up physics-based approaches

Ferrando

Causone

Hong

et al. 2020

Sustainable Cities and Society

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181

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“…This requires modelling surface properties of contextual structures, additional algorithms, and simulation tools. Hong, Ferrando, Luo, & Causone, (2020) used this method to account for longwave radiant exchange and waste heat from HVAC systems with the details of system type and COP. Palme & Salvati, (2018), modelled anthropogenic heat transfer and evapotranspiration rate, urban microclimate co-simulated with UBEM, to account for dynamic inputs.…”

Section: Building Archetypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing a fit-for-purpose urban building energy modelling framework with reference to Ahmedabad

Mathur

Fennell

Rawal

et al. 2021

Science and Technology for the Built Environment

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Urban building energy models (UBEM) are driving sustainable design and operations of cities by combining urban datasets with energy simulations. UBEMs are developed from a range of inputs on the spatial and semantic details of the buildings, and the systems affecting their energy performance. Large geographical scales with finer spatiotemporal details increase the challenges of data processing for a reliable UBEM. Thus, it is essential to understand the impact of increasing the resolution of model inputs on the outputs to balance the efforts spent on model development, filling data gaps and maintaining the reliability of the results. This research introduces a Fit-for-Purpose modelling strategy and extends the concept of Levels of Detail (LoD) used for 3D models, to UBEM characteristics including occupancy, geometry, context, modelling methodology, and calibration with the proposed model characterisation framework. A case study based on a 0.3km 2 area of Ahmedabad, India, is presented to demonstrate the framework. The results highlight a need for a higher LoD in occupancy modelling for the residential and educational buildings, whereas a higher LoD is more important for the commercial buildings' envelope characteristics. These insights will enable a highly targeted supplementary data collection approach for the UBEM of the entire city.

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“…UBEM differs from building energy modeling (BEM) of individual buildings, achieved through traditional building performance simulation (BPS) software, mainly in the size of the stock modeled and usually on the descriptive data availability. BEM is primarily focused on single buildings or small blocks, usually with detailed information of individual buildings (i.e., detailed description of layers of the envelope constructions [5]; geometry, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems; occupants' behavior [6]), including highly detailed analyses [7]. Conversely, UBEM models at least a large block (i.e., dozens of buildings) and up to all buildings in a city (ranging from tens of thousands to millions of buildings).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Italian prototype building models for urban scale building performance simulation

Carnieletto

Ferrando

Teso

et al. 2021

Building and Environment

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Urban building energy modeling (UBEM) seeks to evaluate strategies to optimize building energy use at urban scale to support a city's building energy goals. Prototype building models are usually developed to represent typical urban building characteristics of a specific use type, construction year, and climate zone, as detailed characteristics of individual buildings at urban scale are difficult to obtain. This study investigated the Italian building stock, developing 46 building prototypes, based on construction year, for residential and office buildings. The study included 16 single-family buildings, 16 multi-family buildings, and 14 office buildings. Building envelope properties and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system characteristics were defined according to existing building energy codes and standards for climatic zone E, which covers about half the Italian municipalities. Novel contributions of this study include (1) detailed specifications of prototype building energy models for Italian residential and office buildings that can be adopted by UBEM tools, and (2) a dataset in GeoJSON format of Italian urban buildings compiled from diverse data sources and national standards. The developed prototype building specifications, the building dataset, and the workflow can be applied to create other building prototypes and to support Italian national building energy efficiency and environmental goals.

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Modeling and analysis of heat emissions from buildings to ambient air

Cited by 40 publications

References 38 publications

Urban building energy modeling (UBEM) tools: A state-of-the-art review of bottom-up physics-based approaches

Urban building energy modeling (UBEM) tools: A state-of-the-art review of bottom-up physics-based approaches

Assessing a fit-for-purpose urban building energy modelling framework with reference to Ahmedabad

Italian prototype building models for urban scale building performance simulation

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