Modeling Active Region Transient Brightenings Observed With X-Ray Telescope as Multi-Stranded Loops

Kobelski, Adam; McKenzie, D. E.; Donachie, M.

doi:10.1088/0004-637x/786/2/82

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…The dynamics appear more impulsive in the corona, and are more readily detected as transient brightenings. Over 57 individual brightenings were identified in the XRT data series using the automatic detection techniques of Kobelski et al (2014a). Most of the detections were found within overlapping FOVs (spatially and temporally) of the other instruments.…”

Section: Transient Brightening Detectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Publicly Available Multiobservatory Data Set of an Enhanced Network Patch from the Photosphere to the Corona

Kobelski

Tarr

Jaeggli

et al. 2022

ApJS

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New instruments sensitive to chromospheric radiation at X-ray, UV, visible, IR, and submillimeter wavelengths have become available that significantly enhance our ability to understand the bidirectional flow of energy through the chromosphere. We describe the calibration, coalignment, initial results, and public release of a new data set combining a large number of these instruments to obtain multiwavelength photospheric, chromospheric, and coronal observations capable of improving our understanding of the connectivity between the photosphere and the corona via transient brightenings and wave signatures. The observations center on a bipolar region of enhanced-network magnetic flux near disk center on SOL2017-03-17T14:00–17:00. The comprehensive data set provides one of the most complete views to date of chromospheric activity related to small-scale brightenings in the corona and chromosphere. Our initial analysis shows a strong spatial correspondence between the areas of broadest width of the hydrogen-α spectral line and the hottest temperatures observed in Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 3 radio data, with a linear coefficient of 6.12 × 10−5Å/K. The correspondence persists for the duration of cotemporal observations (≈60 m). Numerous transient brightenings were observed in multiple data series. We highlight a single, well-observed transient brightening in a set of thin filamentary features with a duration of 20 minutes. The timing of the peak intensity transitions from the cooler (ALMA, 7000 K) to the hotter (XRT, 3 MK) data series.

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Section: Transient Brightening Detectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Publicly Available Multiobservatory Data Set of an Enhanced Network Patch from the Photosphere to the Corona

Kobelski

Tarr

Jaeggli

et al. 2022

ApJS

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“…During its evolution, the temperature would be both much higher and much lower than the average temperature. Because an observed loop is almost certainly formed of many strands (e.g., Kobelski et al 2014;Williams et al 2020), the loop's properties may or may not reflect this evolution. If the loop is formed of many unresolved strands, each strand being heated randomly and then evolving, the observed loop's intensity can appear steady regardless of the dynamic nature of the plasma along a single strand (Klimchuk 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Flight of the Marshall Grazing Incidence X-Ray Spectrometer (MaGIXS)

Savage

Winebarger

Kobayashi

et al. 2023

ApJ

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The Marshall Grazing Incidence X-ray Spectrometer (MaGIXS) sounding rocket experiment launched on 2021 July 30 from the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico. MaGIXS is a unique solar observing telescope developed to capture X-ray spectral images of coronal active regions in the 6–24 Å wavelength range. Its novel design takes advantage of recent technological advances related to fabricating and optimizing X-ray optical systems, as well as breakthroughs in inversion methodologies necessary to create spectrally pure maps from overlapping spectral images. MaGIXS is the first instrument of its kind to provide spatially resolved soft X-ray spectra across a wide field of view. The plasma diagnostics available in this spectral regime make this instrument a powerful tool for probing solar coronal heating. This paper presents details from the first MaGIXS flight, the captured observations, the data processing and inversion techniques, and the first science results.

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“…The accuracy and efficiency of the model make it well suited to comparing various nanoflare heating functions with observations. EBTEL has become a standard tool for simulating nanoflares for comparison with active region observations (e.g., Qiu et al 2013;Kobelski et al 2014; Ugarte-Urra & Warren 2014; Tajfirouze et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Nanoflare Heating in a Coronal Bright Point

Hahn

Savin

2022

ApJ

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We have obtained constraints on the nanoflare energy distribution and timing for the heating of a coronal bright point. Observations of the bright point were made using the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode in slot mode, which collects a time series of monochromatic images of the region leading to unambiguous temperature diagnostics. The Enthalpy-Based Thermal Evolution of Loops model was used to simulate nanoflare heating of the bright point and generate a time series of synthetic intensities. The nanoflare heating in the model was parameterized in terms of the power-law index α of the nanoflare energy distribution, which is ∝ E −α ; average nanoflare frequency f; and the number N of magnetic strands making up the observed loop. By comparing the synthetic and observed light curves, we inferred the region of the model parameter space (α, f, N) that was consistent with the observations. Broadly, we found that N and f are inversely correlated with one another, while α is directly correlated with either N or f. These correlations are likely a consequence of the region requiring a certain fixed energy input, which can be achieved in various ways by trading off among the different parameters. We also find that a value of α > 2 generally gives the best match between the model and observations, which indicates that the heating is dominated by low-energy events. Our method of using monochromatic images, focusing on a relatively simple structure, and constraining nanoflare parameters on the basis of statistical properties of the intensity provides a versatile approach to better understand the nature of nanoflares and coronal heating.

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Modeling Active Region Transient Brightenings Observed With X-Ray Telescope as Multi-Stranded Loops

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

A Publicly Available Multiobservatory Data Set of an Enhanced Network Patch from the Photosphere to the Corona

A Publicly Available Multiobservatory Data Set of an Enhanced Network Patch from the Photosphere to the Corona

The First Flight of the Marshall Grazing Incidence X-Ray Spectrometer (MaGIXS)

Characteristics of Nanoflare Heating in a Coronal Bright Point

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