Model Tests and Numerical Simulation of Braced Excavation in Sandy Ground: Influences of Construction History, Wall Friction, Wall Stiffness, Strut Position and Strut Stiffness

Nakai, T.; Kawano, Hideaki; Murata, Kouki; Banno, Masaaki; Hashimoto, T.

doi:10.3208/sandf.39.3_1

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Besides keeping the excavation stable, the construction method should be economical, should not allow large ground movements, and should avoid damaging other nearby structures. Wall pressures and ground movements are highly in‰uenced by the construction sequence (Nakai et al, 1996;Nakai et al, 1999).…”

Section: Construction Methods In Braced Excavationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each line of element is 0.75 cm in height and overall 30 lines (22.5 cm) of elements are removed. When the elements are deactivated the out-of-balance forces are computed and applied to the boundary between excavated and remaining elements (Hsi and Small, 1992;Nakai et al, 1999). The joint elements in the symmetry boundary of the right hand side are also deactivated.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Of the Tests With Laboratory Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are not many centrifuges available because their facilities are expensive to construct, to maintain and to operate. On the other hand, the main advantage of 1 g model tests is that they are relatively inexpensive and easy to construct (Masrouri and Kastner, 1994;Nakai et al, 1999). However, 1 g tests basically oŠer a qualitative knowledge of the problem and their results are di‹cult to extrapolate to real problems, due to the low level of stress applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this type of analyses it is fundamental to understand the behavior of each component of the system, including the structure, the soil-structure interface and above all the soils in the vicinity of the excavation. The importance of soil behavior in the overall performance of excavations is widely accepted (e.g., Nakai et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Simulation of Conventional and Inverted Braced Excavations Using Subloading tij Model

Nakai

Farias

Bastos

et al. 2007

Soils and Foundations

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Section: Construction Methods In Braced Excavationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical Simulation Of the Tests With Laboratory Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Simulation of Conventional and Inverted Braced Excavations Using Subloading tij Model

Nakai

Farias

Bastos

et al. 2007

Soils and Foundations

Self Cite

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“…It can be easily understood that the ground movements and earth pressure are much in‰uenced by the construction sequence including threedimensional eŠect, which are not considered in these conventional methods. Two-dimensional model tests and the corresponding elastoplastic analyses were conducted previously, and it has been shown that for the appropriate prediction of the ground movements and the earth pressure, the in‰uences of the wall friction, the wall stiŠness and the excavation process should be properly taken into consideration (Nakai et al, 1999). However, three-dimensional eŠect was not considered in the previous study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of 3D Effects, Wall Deflection Process and Wall Deflection Mode in Retaining Wall Problems

Iwata

Nakai

Zhang

et al. 2007

Soils and Foundations

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Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) model tests and the corresponding elastoplasticˆnite element analyses were carried out to investigate the in‰uences of 3D eŠects, wall de‰ection process and wall de‰ection mode on the earth pressures and the ground movements in retaining wall problems. Aluminum rod mass were used in 2D model tests, and alumina balls were used in 3D model tests. The stress-strain behavior of these materials is similar to that of dense sands with positive dilatancy. In theˆnite element analyses, a recently developed elastoplastic constitutive model, named subloading tij model, were used. This model can describe typical stress deformation and strength characteristics of soils such as the in‰uence of intermediate principal stress, the stress path dependency of plastic ‰ow and the in‰uence of density and/or conˆning pressure properly. The test results show that the earth pressures on the retaining wall in 3D condition are much smaller than those in 2D condition, and these distributions of earth pressure are more in‰uenced by the wall de‰ection process than by the wall de‰ection mode. Observed surface settlements at the backˆll just behind the wall in 3D condition are larger than those in 2D condition, but 3D surface settlements occur more locally. These 2D and 3D surface settlements are in‰uenced by the wall de‰ection process more than the wall de‰ection mode. However, at the same wall de‰ection process and the same wall de‰ection mode, there is not much diŠerence in the shapes of the earth pressure distributions and the surface settlement troughs between 2D and 3D conditions. These diŠerences and similarities of the earth pressures and the surface settlements are simulated not only qualitatively but also quantitatively in the analyses using the above constitutive model.

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Effects of reconsolidation degree on reliquefaction resistance under mainshock–aftershock sequences: A DEM investigation

Xie

Zhao

2022

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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Aftershock events may immediately follow mainshock events. In liquefiable deposits, the excess pore pressure caused by mainshock events may not dissipate completely in a short time interval between the mainshock and the aftershock. Sandy soil with different reconsolidation degrees (Ur) may present different reliquefaction resistances during the aftershock, which was not fully considered into the previous studies of reliquefaction. In this study, discrete element method (DEM) was employed to simulate a series of cyclic triaxial tests to evaluate the effects of Ur on reliquefaction resistance under mainshock–aftershock seismic sequence. The initially liquefied specimen was reconsolidated from two states with small and large residual shear strain respectively. Reconsolidated specimens reliquefied under different cyclic stress ratios (CSRs). Simulation results show that reliquefaction resistance increased gradually with increasing Ur, which was closely related to the previous residual shear strain during the first liquefaction event. Specimens that having large residual shear strain reliquefied easily, and the reliquefaction resistance of those specimens increased slightly with increasing Ur. On the contrary, reliquefaction resistance of the specimens that having small residual shear stain increased obviously with increasing Ur. The ratio of initial mechanical average coordination number to initial mesoscopic fabric anisotropy of reconsolidated specimens had a good correlation to the contraction potential and increased gradually with increasing Ur.

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Model Tests and Numerical Simulation of Braced Excavation in Sandy Ground: Influences of Construction History, Wall Friction, Wall Stiffness, Strut Position and Strut Stiffness

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Simulation of Conventional and Inverted Braced Excavations Using Subloading tij Model

Simulation of Conventional and Inverted Braced Excavations Using Subloading tij Model

Influences of 3D Effects, Wall Deflection Process and Wall Deflection Mode in Retaining Wall Problems

Effects of reconsolidation degree on reliquefaction resistance under mainshock–aftershock sequences: A DEM investigation

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