Model studies of chlorine deactivation and formation of ClONO2 collar in the Arctic polar vortex

Chipperfield, Martyn P.; Lutman, E. R.; Kettleborough, J.; Pyle, J. A.; Roche, A. E.

doi:10.1029/96jd00442

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In the case of occultations on the vortex edge, the trends of HCl, ClONO 2 and their ratio during the polar winter are more difficult to establish due to the smaller number of measurements near the vortex edge and the greater uncertainty in classification of measurements there. However, their behavior is generally quite similar to the behavior of occultations inside the vortex and the recovery of ClONO 2 seems to occur first on the edge as described by Chipperfield et al (1997). It is worth noting that these results have to be interpreted carefully and may be due to a sampling issue as well as to uncertainty in the classification of an occultation as on the vortex edge.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO2 during the Arctic winter 2005 from the ACE-FTS

et al. 2006

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Abstract. From January to March 2005, the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment high resolution Fourier transform spectrometer (ACE-FTS) on SCISAT-1 measured many of the changes occurring in the Arctic (50-80 • N) lower stratosphere under very cold winter conditions. Here we focus on the partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO 2 and their activation into ClO. The simultaneous measurement of these species by the ACE-FTS provides the data needed to follow chlorine activation during the Arctic winter and the recovery of the Cl-reservoir species ClONO 2 and HCl. The time evolution of HCl, ClONO 2 and ClO as well as the partitioning between the two reservoir molecules agrees well with previous observations and with our current understanding of chlorine activation during Arctic winter. The results of a chemical box model are also compared with the ACE-FTS measurements and are generally consistent with the measurements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO2 during the Arctic winter 2005 from the ACE-FTS

et al. 2006

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“…Interestingly, the SLIM-CAT CTM shows a discrepancy of the same order of magnitude, but with the opposite sign in a recent publication (Santee et al, 2008), while in an older version, species mixing ratios depend on the model resolution (Chipperfield et al, 1997).…”

Section: Hcl Discrepancy Between Model and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This is likely very dependent on the transport and mixing scheme used in the model, and Eulerian (gridbased) models will show differences to Lagrangian (trajectory-based) models here due to the lower numerical diffusion in the latter. The underestimation of HCl in SLIMCAT (Santee et al, 2008) and the dependency of the species abundances on model resolution in the same model (Chipperfield et al, 1997) may point in this direction.…”

Section: Hcl Discrepancy Between Model and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative analysis of the reactions involved in stratospheric ozone depletion in the polar vortex core

Wohltmann¹,

Lehmann²,

Rex³

2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. We present a quantitative analysis of the chemical reactions involved in polar ozone depletion in the stratosphere and of the relevant reaction pathways and cycles. While the reactions involved in polar ozone depletion are well known, quantitative estimates of the importance of individual reactions or reaction cycles are rare. In particular, there is no comprehensive and quantitative study of the reaction rates and cycles averaged over the polar vortex under conditions of heterogeneous chemistry so far. We show time series of reaction rates averaged over the core of the polar vortex in winter and spring for all relevant reactions and indicate which reaction pathways and cycles are responsible for the vortex-averaged net change of the key species involved in ozone depletion, i.e., ozone, chlorine species (ClO x , HCl, ClONO 2 ), bromine species, nitrogen species (HNO 3 , NO x ) and hydrogen species (HO x ). For clarity, we focus on one Arctic winter (2004)(2005) and one Antarctic winter (2006) in a layer in the lower stratosphere around 54 hPa and show results for additional pressure levels and winters in the Supplement. Mixing ratios and reaction rates are obtained from runs of the ATLAS Lagrangian chemistry and transport model (CTM) driven by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERAInterim reanalysis data. An emphasis is put on the partitioning of the relevant chemical families (nitrogen, hydrogen, chlorine, bromine and odd oxygen) and activation and deactivation of chlorine.

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“…The three‐dimensional chemical transport model, SLIMCAT, has been discussed in detail by Chipperfield et al [1997], Chipperfield [1999], and Guirlet et al [2000]. SLIMCAT is an off‐line model, driven here by daily United Kingdom Meteorological Office (UKMO) winds and temperatures [ Swinbank and O'Neill , 1994] on 12 isentropic potential temperature surfaces from 335 K to 2700 K at a resolution of 3.75° latitude by 3.75° longitude (T31).…”

Section: Model and Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model study of the connection between polar and midlatitude ozone loss in the Northern Hemisphere lower stratosphere

2002

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.[1] A numerical model has been used to quantify halogen-induced ozone loss at the winter pole and at middle latitudes. This loss is compared with that due to nonhalogen ozonedestroying cycles. The three-dimensional off-line chemical transport model, SLIMCAT, was run at 3.75°latitude by 3.75°longitude, with United Kingdom Meteorological Office analyzed winds and temperatures. The contribution of polar processes to ozone loss at middle latitudes was investigated with novel tracers mapped to equivalent latitudes. Novel tracers were also included in SLIMCAT to follow ozone loss by reactions with ClO x , BrO x , NO x , and HO x , and to follow ozone production by oxygen photolysis. The interannual variability of the different processes was studied for five winters in the 1990s, which covered a variety of meteorological conditions in and around the polar vortex. Analysis of the ozone loss tracers shows large interannual variability in the relative strengths of particular chemical ozone loss mechanisms depending on the meteorology of the given year. In all cases, the ClO-BrO cycle dominates at polar latitudes. The role of mixing between the pole and middle latitudes also varies with the meteorological conditions. In winters with a cold, stable vortex, like 1996/1997, there is little impact of polar processes on midlatitude loss. In contrast, the cold, disturbed vortex of 1999/2000 contributed significantly to the ozone loss in middle latitudes. In all winters, ozone loss from cycles involving halogens was an important contributor (40-70%) to the modeled midlatitude ozone loss.

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Model studies of chlorine deactivation and formation of ClONO₂ collar in the Arctic polar vortex

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO<sub>2</sub> during the Arctic winter 2005 from the ACE-FTS

Partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO<sub>2</sub> during the Arctic winter 2005 from the ACE-FTS

A quantitative analysis of the reactions involved in stratospheric ozone depletion in the polar vortex core

A model study of the connection between polar and midlatitude ozone loss in the Northern Hemisphere lower stratosphere

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Model studies of chlorine deactivation and formation of ClONO2 collar in the Arctic polar vortex

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; during the Arctic winter 2005 from the ACE-FTS

Partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; during the Arctic winter 2005 from the ACE-FTS

A quantitative analysis of the reactions involved in stratospheric ozone depletion in the polar vortex core

A model study of the connection between polar and midlatitude ozone loss in the Northern Hemisphere lower stratosphere

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Model studies of chlorine deactivation and formation of ClONO₂ collar in the Arctic polar vortex

Partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO<sub>2</sub> during the Arctic winter 2005 from the ACE-FTS

Partitioning between the inorganic chlorine reservoirs HCl and ClONO<sub>2</sub> during the Arctic winter 2005 from the ACE-FTS