Model simulation of the atmospheric input of lead and cadmium into the North Sea

Krell, Ute; Roeckner, Erich

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(88)90043-1

Cited by 43 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The calculated total annual atmospheric lead input into the North Sea is in agreement with previous model results ( van Aalst et al 1983;van Jaarsfeld et al 1986). The conclusion drawn in earlier studies (van Aalst et al 1983;Krell and Roeckner 1988), that extrapolations from measurements at coastal sites tend to overpredict the total input, is supported by the model results obtained. Previously, these findings have initiated the development of more advanced extrapolation methods (Schneider 1992) whose results in terms of total lead input the Baltic Sea compare well with model calculations (HELCOM 1991).…”

Section: Numerical Modelssupporting

confidence: 77%

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals to North European marginal seas: Scenarios and trend for lead

Krger

1996

GeoJournal

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The contribution of the atmosphere to the input of heavy metals to marine environments of Northern Europe is determined by applying an EMEP-type Lagrangian trajectory model. The results show that the model is capable of simulating long-range transport of heavy metals from European anthropogenic sources to the North Sea and the Baltic Sea including emission reduction scenarios for lead. Model calculations for lead indicate maximum annual inputs from the atmosphere of more than 2,400 tonnes for the North Sea and 1,300 tonnes for the baltic sea. It was calculated that in the 1985-1990 time period, mainly as a consequence of use of unleaded gasoline, the trend show a pronounced decrease of the deposition fluxes of lead from the atmosphere.

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Section: Numerical Modelssupporting

confidence: 77%

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals to North European marginal seas: Scenarios and trend for lead

Krger

1996

GeoJournal

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“…However, in our discussion we consider them as coastal because they are located not in the open sea but rather close to the coast. Atmospheric heavy metal concentrations for this area are given by Kemp (1984), Schneider (1987), Stössel (1987), Krell and Roeckner (1988), Kersten et al (1988Kersten et al ( , 1991, Steiger (1991), Kriews (1992), Schulz (1993), Dannecker et al (1994), andInjuk (1995). The complete set of coastal data for the central part of the North Sea is summarized in Table 5.…”

Section: Coastal Area Of the Central North Seamentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend analysis of the published concentrations of heavy metals in aerosols above the North Sea and the English Channel for the period 1971-1994

Hoornaert¹,

Treiger²,

Grieken³

et al. 1999

Environ. Rev.

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A literature review is given of atmospheric trace metal concentrations in aerosols above the North Sea and the English Channel over the period 1971-1994. Literature data have been gathered and intercompared to look for possible trends in the reported concentrations. Six trace metals are considered: Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, and Cr. A distinction is made between measurements in different regions of the North Sea, and between coastal and marine areas. The majority of the data deals with the Southern Bight, providing the most reliable trends. Strong decreasing trends are observed for the Pb and Zn concentrations above the North Sea during the years 1971-1994. For Cd, Cu, Ni, and Cr, much less data are available in the literature. Despite this, also for Cd and Cu a decreasing trend is present. Cr and Ni concentrations are fluctuating, mostly without a certain pattern. The trends in the concentrations are also compared to changes in the European emission profiles.

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Atmospheric Transport and Deposition of Toxic Compounds

Pacyna¹,

Lindgren²

1997

The Global Environment

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Model simulation of the atmospheric input of lead and cadmium into the North Sea

Cited by 43 publications

References 8 publications

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals to North European marginal seas: Scenarios and trend for lead

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals to North European marginal seas: Scenarios and trend for lead

Trend analysis of the published concentrations of heavy metals in aerosols above the North Sea and the English Channel for the period 1971-1994

Atmospheric Transport and Deposition of Toxic Compounds

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