Model Predictive Control of an Infrared-Convective Dryer

Abukhalifeh, Hadil; Dhib, Ramdhane; Fayed, Muhammad E.

doi:10.1081/drt-200054123

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The energy efficiency of IR dryers is directly proportional to the absorption characteristics of material which determines the economic and technical feasibility of dryer (Abukhalifeh et al . ).…”

Section: Ir Drying Of Food Productsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…IR radiations are generally absorbed by wet solid material in its surface layer unlike microwaves which penetrate deeper in the material causing volumetric heating. The energy efficiency of IR dryers is directly proportional to the absorption characteristics of material which determines the economic and technical feasibility of dryer (Abukhalifeh et al 2005).…”

Section: Ir Drying and Final Quality Of Dried Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fundamentals of Infrared Heating and Its Application in Drying of Food Materials: A Review

Pawar

Pratape

2015

J Food Process Engineering

103

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Drying is an energy-intensive unit operation in chemical, food and allied industries. It is always desired to have low energy consumption for drying operation without compromising the quality of products. In this review, fundamental aspects of infrared heating are described in detail with the focus on its application to the drying of food materials. The modeling techniques are explained in detail to get emphasis on the design of large-scale infrared dryers. This review also contains the investigations carried out by several researchers by experimentation and/or modeling to describe the infrared drying, infrared-convective drying, infraredmicrowave drying and infrared-freeze drying. The present work describes the author's views regarding the capability and applicability of infrared source for drying of food materials. After going through a literature survey, it can be seen that infrared source especially in the far-IR range has been widely used in convective hot air dryer than other types of dryers. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe energy loss in convective air drying is found to be very large in chemical and allied food industries. Air, the drying medium, needs to be heated using air heaters, which generally have low thermal efficiency. On the contrary, as the infrared radiation is recognized as surface heater, it can be very suitable for drying of food materials whose drying is generally carried out in thin slices. Moreover, use of infrared heaters in other dryers is very beneficial to lower the drying time without significantly affecting the quality of the final products. Lowering the drying time can increase the productivity and decrease the cost of operation practically.

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Section: Ir Drying Of Food Productsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Ir Drying and Final Quality Of Dried Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals of Infrared Heating and Its Application in Drying of Food Materials: A Review

Pawar

Pratape

2015

J Food Process Engineering

103

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“…Besides the incorporation of an optimizer, another important feature of the MPC controller is that it can handle process constraints, such as u min u u max , under a constrained optimization scheme. This constraint condition prevents the controller output from exceeding the span allowed for each final control element [30] .…”

Section: Model Predictive Controlmentioning

confidence: 98%

Infrared Drying: From Process Modeling to Advanced Process Control

Dhib

2007

Drying Technology

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The article surveys the drying of solids materials and polymer solutions when infrared radiation (IR) is employed as the main heating source. The study reviews the current research trends of IR drying of specific applications. A case study similar to an industrial setting is presented to illustrate a model development and control scheme of an IR drying unit. The design and online implementation of an internal model controller (IMC) is discussed. The study demonstrates the controller capabilities to suppress random variations of the moisture content in the material entering the dryer. Simulation results also showed the success of model predictive control (MPC) multivariable controller ability, while handling process interactions and process constraints, to track setpoint changes in the humidity and temperature of the material exiting the dryer and to reject unmeasured stochastic disturbances in the inlet humidity stream. INTRODUCTIONEven though drying is an old and well-established process, the transport phenomena characterized by a simultaneous transfer of mass and energy is an interesting and fascinating area to study. In a recent survey, Mujumdar [1] reviewed the most important aspects of drying technology. He highlighted the R&D research trends in this area from conventional to new technologies. Energy saving and product quality are among the main concerns in industry today. Thermal drying, being defined as the removal of moisture from a solid, is one of the most ubiquitous and energy-intensive processes. Firstly, the energy required for a drying process can be supplied by different means to adapt the drying requirement of a variety of products and also to satisfy the industrial and market demand. Thus, efficient use and management of energy are very desirable in the design and operation of a drying unit. In fact, energy

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“…Furthermore, we seek to incorporate explicit process constraints and address multiple objectives in the control design. In this regard, model predictive control (MPC) [26][27][28] has emerged as a popular framework for its ability to handle hard process constraints and to formulate the control problem as a constrained optimization with multiple objectives. In MPC, the process dynamics (linear or nonlinear) can be treated as constraints of the optimization, while the multiple control objectives, which are often encountered in industrial processes, are enforced by a set of properly defined objective functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation and predictive control of nonlinear diffusion processes with application to drying of coatings

Cao

Ayalew

2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I:

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This article deals with the estimation and control of a class of distributed parameter processes dominated by nonlinear diffusion. The major challenges in control of such systems lie in the nonlinear infinite-dimensional nature of the systems and the lack of direct sensing for relevant system states. In the proposed scheme, the proper orthogonal decomposition-Galerkin method is adopted to derive a reduced-order model in terms of temporal coefficients from the original system described by nonlinear partial differential equation(s). To overcome the sensing problem, the unscented Kalman filter is implemented to estimate the temporal coefficients of the reduced-order model online and subsequently reconstruct the distributed system states. A set of improved sufficient conditions are also established to ensure stability of the estimation scheme. Then, once these difficulties are addressed, a nonlinear model predictive control scheme is formulated to achieve desired control objectives such as trajectory tracking for distributed states, energy optimization and quality control. The proposed estimation and control scheme is demonstrated via an application to infrared drying of coatings in the automotive industry.

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Model Predictive Control of an Infrared-Convective Dryer

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

Fundamentals of Infrared Heating and Its Application in Drying of Food Materials: A Review

Fundamentals of Infrared Heating and Its Application in Drying of Food Materials: A Review

Infrared Drying: From Process Modeling to Advanced Process Control

Estimation and predictive control of nonlinear diffusion processes with application to drying of coatings

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