Model of Steam and Water Extraction of Essential Oil of Eucalyptus Citriodora Using a Complete 2n Factorial Plan

Abstract

The steam and water distillation of leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora was modeled using a complete 2n factorial plan. Eight experiments were carried out, with three easily interpretable variables, for steam distillation and for a first degree polynomial model. The average essential oil yield was 2.3%. Positive effects decreased in the order: duration of the extraction, heating power and state of division of the plant. Interactions were negligible. Extraction conditions had no practical impact on citronellal content, which yielded an average content of 83.26% with a range of 80.2-85.4%. Weak negative effects were observed on duration of heating and state of division of plant material. Sixteen experiments were conducted on four variables for water distillation. The extracted essential oil yield was increased by 28%. Effects on citronellal content were the same as with steam extraction. Hence, water distillation is better suited for small-scale extraction given the simplicity of the equipment required and the significant gain in extraction yield.

Optimization of the extraction of the p‐menthadienol isomers and aristolone contained in the essential oil from Elyonurus hensii using a 23 full factorial design

“…However, there is an influence of the residual water content (a 2 = −0.61) on the yield of the essential oil. The negative sign of the coefficient indicates that a high water content in the plant material does not favor the extraction of essential oil, thus confirming the observations made on modeling the extraction of the essential oils of Eucalyptus citriodora (Silou et al, 2009) and of Cymbopogon citratus (Silou et al, 2004).…”

“…They also optimize the extraction of the major constituents of the essential oils by organizing the steam distillation with a minimum number of experiments to be performed (Silou, Malanda, & Loubaki, 2004;Silou et al, 2009). Taking into account the scientific interest that seems to represent the isomers of p-menthadienol and aristolone, we have tried to optimize the extraction of these major constituents by using a 2 n full factorial design.…”

Variation in the volatile oil composition of Eucalyptus citriodora produced by hydrodistillation and supercritical fluid extraction techniques

“…The free volatile oil yield obtained in the present experimental condition is lower compared to Silou et al (2009) (2.3%) and Dutta, Karmakar, Naglot, Aich, and Begam (2007) (2%). The variation could be attributed to the time of harvest and agro-climatic conditions.…”

Recurrent adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for steam temperature estimation in distillation of essential oil extraction process

“…ARX model structure is selected based on size of the model and the parameters chosen which both are applied by trial and error method. Generally, the ARX model structure is given by [10]; (4) where A(q) and B(q) is the polynomials to be estimated which represent the overall system dynamic and as time shift operator, the expression are given by (5) Proceed with model estimation and model validation where the sampled data was divided into two parts using interlacing technique; estimation data where the data was used to fit the model and another part was validation data to validate the fit model. Linear regression under prediction error method is used to estimate the ARX model.…”

“…These can lead to a problem of thermal degradation of extraction yield [1,2] that can reduce the quality of chemical composition in form of lessen aromatic profiles and affected the extracted oil color. Extraction temperature gives significant effect to production yield [3,4] and therefore a proper temperature monitoring has to be implemented throughout the extraction process at optimal temperature rate with finest extraction time.…”