Model Kesesuaian Lahan Berbasis Kerawanan Bencana Alam, Uji Coba: Kota Semarang

Abstract

Abstrak: Wilayah Indonesia rawan terhadap berbagai bencana alam, untuk itu, Undang-undang No 26/2007 tentang Penataan Ruang mengamanatkan mitigasi bencana sebagai aspek penting. Makalah ini bertujuan mengembangkan model analisis kesesuaian lahan yang menitikberatkan aspek kesesuaian fisik dan kerawanan bencana. Model berupa pembobotan berbasis raster-SIG (Sistem Inforamsi Geografis). Model diujicobakan di Kota Semarang dengan pertimbangan variasi topografi yang lengkap, mulai dari pesisir di sisi Utara dan perbukitan di sisi Selatan. Hasil aplikasi menunjukkan model cukup baik dalam menjelaskan kesesuaian lahan, yang terbagi dalam tiga kategori, yaitu keleluasaan pengembangan rendah, menengah dan tinggi. Validasi dengan membandingkan output model dengan kondisi riil di lapangan menunjukkan akurasi sebesar 91,25%. Namun, sebelum digeneralisasi dan diaplikasikan, model perlu diuji di beberapa lokasi yang memiliki karakteristik sesuai kebutuhan uji coba model. Kata kunci: rawan bencana, keseuaian lahan, model keruanganAbstract: Indonesian regions are prone to natural disasters. For this, Law 26/2007 on Spatial Planning orders that disaster mitigation is an important. This paper aims at developing a spatial model for suitability analysis, mainly considering physical and disaster prone conditions. The model is a raster based-GIS weighted scoring model. The model is applied in Semarang City with the consideration has various topographical conditions, from flat in the North and hilly in the South.The application shows that the model is suitable in representing land suitability in three categories, i.e. low, medium, and high flexibility of development. The validation, done by comparing the model output and reality, shows that its accuracy is 91,25%. However, to be widely generazed, the model needs to be tested more, by applying in other locations having criteria regarding the needs of the test.

Sebaran Lahan Terbangun Berdasarkan Normalized Difference Built-up Index Citra Landsat 8 di Kota Mataram

“…Pemetaan lahan terbangun dapat dijadikan dasar pijakan dalam upaya mitigasi bencana yang akan memberikan arah pengembangan wilayah ke depan. Hal ini sesuai dengan amanat Undang-Undang No 26 Tahun 2007 tentang penataan ruang sebagai upaya peningkatan keselamatan dan kenyamanan kehidupan penduduk (Buchori et al, 2013). Seperti yang diterapkan di Nangroe Aceh Darussalam yang merevisi pola tata ruang menjauhi wilayah Kota Banda Aceh yang rentan akan bahaya gempa bumi dan tsunami (Akbar dan Ma'rif, 2014).…”

Analysis Disaster Vulnerability Capacity in Mempawah Hilir Subdistricts

“…In spatial use control activities, there is one thing that needs to be considered, namely regarding disaster risk. In this disaster risk analysis, it deals with threats and vulnerabilities [3]. This also happens Hilir District, which geographically located directly adjacent to the South China Sea, have a direct impact in the event of a tidal wave due to rising sea levels.…”

Landslides susceptibility mapping at Gunung Ciremai National Park

“…Rain fall is one of the major climatic elements that role against landslide and erosion events [10]. The rain has the potential to cause an avalanche depending on the intensity and duration.…”

“…Low land cover is suspected as one of the factors that cause landslide prone [11]. Buchori asserted that land cover is influenced by human intervention factor in fulfilling the necessities of life [10].…”