Model for predicting hydroxylamine nitrate stability in plutonium process solutions

Barney, G.S.; Duval, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.jlp.2010.10.004

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…29,32 While dening Ce 4+ 3d nal state, peaks for 3d 3/2 are labelled as U (901.1 eV), U 00 (907.6 eV), U 000 (916.4 eV) and 3d 5/2 as V (882.3 eV), V 00 (888.4 eV), and V 000 (898.2 eV); similarly for Ce 3+ 3d nal states, U 0 (899.2 eV), U 0 (904.6 eV) and V 0 (880.3 eV), V 0 (886) are the corresponding peaks for 3d 3/2 and 3d 5/2 ionizations, respectively. Doublet designations U 0 /V 0 , U/V, U 0 /V 0 , U 00 /V 00 and U 000 /V 000 are assigned to represent hybridization states of Ce 3d 9 4f 2 O 2p 5 , Ce 3d 9 4f 2 O 2p 4 , Ce 3d 9 4f 1 O 2p 6 , Ce 3d 9 4f 1 O 2p 5 and Ce 3d 9 4f 0 O 2p 6 , respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, HAN along with nitric acid is used as a reducing agent in nuclear processing industry for plutonium extraction. 5,6 In a typical monopropellant thruster, usually a single chemical compound is injected over a heated catalytic bed which assists decomposition of the compound with short ignition delays. The decomposed products are subsequently expanded through a nozzle to produce desired thrust required for orbital and attitude correction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerium oxide based active catalyst for hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) fueled monopropellant thrusters

Agnihotri

Oommen

2018

RSC Adv.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerium oxide based active catalyst for hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) fueled monopropellant thrusters

Agnihotri

Oommen

2018

RSC Adv.

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“…The kinetic parameters being different, specifically higher for CeCo catalyst, suggests an altered reaction mechanism for these systems. The suggested reactions routes in this case is based on the reported reaction mechanism of HAN with catalysts like plutonium (IV), iron (III) [51] and cerium (III, IV) [52–56]. The reactions to be reckoned are given in step V and VI.

true 2 Ce^{3 +} (s) + 3 H^{+} (aq) + HAN (NH_{3} OH^{+} NO_{3}^{-}) (aq) \to 2 Ce^{4 +} (s) + NH_{3} OH^{+} (aq) + HONO (aq) + normalH_{2} normalO (l) E = 33 - 55.8 kJ / mol

true Ce^{4 +} (s) + NH_{3} OH^{+} (aq) \to Ce^{3 +} (s) + 1 / 2 normalN_{2} (aq) + normalH_{2} normalO (l) + 2 normalH^{+} (aq) E = 130 - 133 kJ / mol

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Mechanism of Thermal and Catalytic Decomposition of Hydroxylammonium Nitrate (HAN) Monopropellant

Agnihotri

Oommen

2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) monopropellant with its low sensitivity, volatility and toxicity, not only promises a safer substitute to hydrazine but also offers a higher specific impulse and a positive oxygen balance. This study primarily explores the decomposition mechanism and underlying kinetics for a newly developed cerium oxide‐based catalyst. The chemical kinetics involved in the thermal and catalytic decomposition was examined through an isoconversional method using thermogravimetric analysis (TG) data. The activation energy (Ea) was evaluated using differential isoconversional method (Friedman's method) and advanced integral isoconversional method (Popescu‐Ortega's method). To find frequency factor, compensation effect method (ACE) and intercept method (A0) were used. Advanced integral method could not provide realistic kinetic parameters while differential method predicted values similar to reported values for thermal decomposition. The values obtained for thermal decomposition were found matching with reported values obtained by other techniques which validated the methodology adopted. The reaction mechanism for both thermal and catalytic decomposition were proposed based on evolved gas analysis. The mechanism proposed was able to describe the variable kinetic parameters extracted from isoconversional method. Overall Ea of thermal decomposition of HAN was ∼95 kJ/mol. The decomposition over ceria‐based catalyst was distributed over three stages namely inception, peak and decay with Ea of ∼33 kJ/mol, ∼170 kJ/mol and ∼130 kJ/mol, respectively. Under identical conditions, iridium‐based catalyst show two decomposition stages with Ea of ∼65 kJ/mol and ∼120 kJ/mol while final stage being evaporation of HNO3. The ceria catalyst favoured N2 formation, increased decomposition of HNO3 and enhanced decomposition enthalpy.

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“…Gas release during heating of HA has also been studied in an isoperibolic apparatus [15] . Using the reaction mechanism proposed by Barney and Duval, [16] and equation (9) for low concentrations of acid, the moles of gas liberated for 0.5 mol HAN destroyed is given in Table 1. Both the maximum value of x and the moles of gas released vary greatly with the concentration of nitric acid.…”

Section: Review Of the Use Of Hydroxylamine Nitrate In The Reduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxylamine Nitrate Decomposition under Non-radiological Conditions

McFarlane¹,

Delmau²,

DePaoli³

et al. 2015

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Model for predicting hydroxylamine nitrate stability in plutonium process solutions

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Cerium oxide based active catalyst for hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) fueled monopropellant thrusters

Cerium oxide based active catalyst for hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN) fueled monopropellant thrusters

Kinetics and Mechanism of Thermal and Catalytic Decomposition of Hydroxylammonium Nitrate (HAN) Monopropellant

Hydroxylamine Nitrate Decomposition under Non-radiological Conditions

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