A novel monitoring scheme based on the fiber Bragg grating sensor to achieve real-time, long-distance, and passive-support monitoring of the power transmission line galloping is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Based on the relationship between galloping amplitude and horizontal tension of a transmission line, numerical simulation and experiments are carried out. In the experiment the galloping amplitude monitored by this novel scheme is 0.3418 m, while the actual galloping amplitude is 0.35 m, which shows that the galloping amplitude can be obtained accurately by using this monitoring scheme. C 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).