Model-based user interface design by example and by interview

Frank, Martin; Foley, James D.

doi:10.1145/168642.168655

Cited by 58 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…InterState includes a function called find for making such queries with a chaining syntax inspired by other query languages, including EET [8] and HANDS [31]. For example, in Breakout, players reach the next level by destroying all of the blocks in the current level.…”

Section: Thiscurrentlyplayingsongtitlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…on('click', currentlyPlayingSong). Such dynamic targets have been tried in previous systems [8] but were hampered by performance and implementation challenges. In InterState's runtime implementation, we optimized performance for dynamic event targets by using JavaScript's native event listener mechanism, rather than distributing events in the runtime.…”

Section: Transition Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early event models, like Sassafras [13] and the University of Alberta User Interface Management System [10] inspired the features of future commercial systems [22]. One interesting extension of the standard event model is the elements, events, & transitions (EET) model, which allows programmers to more concisely express how user interfaces should respond to user events [8]. We built on some of the ideas introduced in these systems, such as dynamic event targets in transitions, to increase the expressiveness of InterState's state machines.…”

Section: Event Languages and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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InterState

Oney

Myers

Brandt

2014

Proceedings of the 27th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

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InterState is a new programming language and environment that addresses the challenges of writing and reusing user interface code. InterState represents interactive behaviors clearly and concisely using a combination of novel forms of state machines and constraints. It also introduces new language features that allow programmers to easily modularize and reuse behaviors. InterState uses a new visual notation that allows programmers to better understand and navigate their code. InterState also includes a live editor that immediately updates the running application in response to changes in the editor and vice versa to help programmers understand the state of their program. Finally, InterState can interface with code and widgets written in other languages, for example to create a user interface in InterState that communicates with a database. We evaluated the understandability of InterState's programming primitives in a comparative laboratory study. We found that participants were twice as fast at understanding and modifying GUI components when they were implemented with InterState than when they were implemented in a conventional textual event-callback style. We evaluated InterState's scalability with a series of benchmarks and example applications and found that it can scale to implement complex behaviors involving thousands of objects and constraints.

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Section: Thiscurrentlyplayingsongtitlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transition Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Event Languages and Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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InterState

Oney

Myers

Brandt

2014

Proceedings of the 27th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology

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“…One of the central ideas behind model-based tools is to achieve balance between the detailed control of the design of the UI and automation. Many model-based tools have been built in the late 80s and early 90s that include UIDE [19,20], Interactive UIDE [8], HUMANOID [13,21], MASTERMIND [22], ITS [25], Mecano [17], and Mobi-D [18].…”

Section: Model-based Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Multi-Platform User Interfaces with UIML

Ali

Pérez-Quiñones

Abrams

et al. 2002

Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces III

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There has been a widespread emergence of computing devices in the past few years that go beyond the capabilities of traditional desktop computers. However, users want to use the same kinds of applications and access the same data and information on these appliances that they can access on their desktop computers. The user interfaces for these platforms go beyond the traditional interaction metaphors. It is a challenge to build User Interfaces (UIs) for these devices of differing capabilities that allow the end users to perform the same kinds of tasks. The User Interface Markup Language (UIML) is an XML-based language that allows the canonical description of UIs for different platforms. We describe the language features of UIML that facilitate the development of multi-platform UIs. We also describe the key aspects of our approach that makes UIML succeed where previous approaches failed, namely the division in the representation of a UI, the use of a generic vocabulary, and an integrated development environment specifically designed for transformation-based UI development. Finally we describe the initial details of a multi-step usability engineering process for building multi-platform UI using UIML.Keywords: Multi-Platform User Interfaces, Transformations, UIML, Physical Model, Logical Model, Usability Engineering. INTRODUCTIONIt is difficult to develop an application for multi-platform deployment without duplicating development effort. Advances in electronics, communications, and the fast growth of the Internet have made the use of a wide variety of computing devices an everyday occurance. Furthermore, users expect to remotely access their data from any of these devices (e.g. desktop computer, laptop, handheld, phone, etc.). Developers now face the daunting task to build user interfaces that must work in multiple devices. To address the need for a uniform language for building multi-platform applications, we have developed the User Interface Markup Language (UIML). In this paper we discuss our research in creating such language, some of the support tools available, and describe our approach towards creating a new user interface design methodology to build multi-platform user interfaces.UIML is a single language for building user interfaces for any device. UIML emphasizes the separation of concerns of an interactive application in such a way that moving one program from one platform to another (see our definition of platform in the next section) might require only small or no changes at all. Furthermore, because it is based on XML, it is easy to write transformations that take the language from one abstract representation to a more concrete representation. The tools built around UIML extend the language with the use of transformations that afford the developer the creation of user interfaces with a single language that will execute in multiple platforms.The approach taken with UIML is that of building an application using a generic vocabulary that could then be rendered for multiple platforms. Using a gen...

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“…Grizzly Bear [2] has a good inferencing system for finding linear constraints and some forms of conditions. It also had an algorithm for recognizing certain groups of objects.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building applications using only demonstration

McDaniel

Myers

1998

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces - IUI '98

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By combining the strengths of multiple interaction techniques and inferencing algorithms, Gamut can infer behaviors from examples that previously required a developer to annotate or otherwise modify code by hand. Gamut is a programming-by-demonstration (PBD) tool for building whole applications. It revises code automatically when new examples are demonstrated using a recursive procedure that efficiently scans for the differences between a new example and the original behavior. Differences that cannot be resolved by generating a suitable description are handled by another AI algorithm, decision tree learning, providing a significantly greater ability to infer complex relationships. Gamut's interaction techniques facilitate demonstrating many examples quickly and allow the user to give the system hints that show relationships that would be too time consuming to discover by search alone. Altogether, the concepts combined in Gamut will allow nonprogrammers to build software they never could before.

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Model-based user interface design by example and by interview

Cited by 58 publications

References 11 publications

InterState

InterState

Building Multi-Platform User Interfaces with UIML

Building applications using only demonstration

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