Model based examination on influence of stack series connection and pipe diameters on efficiency of vanadium redox flow batteries under consideration of shunt currents

König, S.; Suriyah, Michael; Leibfried, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.119

Cited by 48 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Furthermore, the minimization of pipe diameters in systems, where several stacks are electrically connected in series, is going to be further pursued. Stack series connection facilitates grid connection and narrower pipes will reduce the increased shunt currents which results from stack series connection [7], [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These paths can be modeled using variable resistances to simulate channels, manifold and pipes. The modeling is presented in greater detail in [8].…”

Section: B Shunt Current Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The friction factor f depends on the fluid flow state, which can be laminar, turbulent, or in between the two. In [8] and [11] it is outlined in detail, how the friction factor f is derived using the Reynolds number.…”

Section: Hydraulic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of hydraulic and electric circuits however makes the battery system quite complex. For design and operation principle studies, modelbased approaches are used [3]- [8]. It has been shown, that all relevant loss mechanisms can be modeled precisely.…”

Section: A General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, a multi-physical modeling approach for a VRFB is presented, which has been developed in [8]. Using the proposed way of efficiency determination, the optimal variable flow factor for a model of a 54 kW/54 kWh test system, comprising six stacks with 30 cells each is derived.…”

Section: B Literature Review and Introduction Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volumetric electrolyte flow rate control in vanadium redox flow batteries using a variable flow factor

König

Suriyah

2015

IREC2015 the Sixth International Renewable Energy Congress

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In flow batteries, efficient operation is strongly related to a sophisticated volumetric flow rate control of the electrolyte. The optimal flow rate is a compromise between prevented losses caused by concentration over-potential and additional pump losses. Beside experimental approaches, modelbased studies are often used for flow rate optimization. Therefore, we first present a multi-physical flow battery model which covers ohmic losses, shunt current losses, concentration over-potential and pump losses. The losses introduced by the energy conversion system for grid connection are included as well. A new method of efficiency determination is proposed, which allows for the determination of system efficiency depending on battery's state of charge and power as an alternative to the round-trip efficiency. With the SOC and power dependent efficiency, we develop an optimal flow rate control. While previous works achieved highest efficiencies with variable flow rates but constant flow factors, we propose to use a variable flow factor. It is demonstrated that this allows for a further increase in efficiency and a reduction of the required pump size. Furthermore, the reduced peak volumetric flow rate enables the use of smaller pipe diameters, which saves space and installation costs. Smaller pipe diameters will also decrease shunt current losses, which occur in the outer circuitry if two or more stacks are electrically connected in series.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These paths can be modeled using variable resistances to simulate channels, manifold and pipes. The modeling is presented in greater detail in [8].…”

Section: B Shunt Current Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydraulic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Literature Review and Introduction Of The Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volumetric electrolyte flow rate control in vanadium redox flow batteries using a variable flow factor

König

Suriyah

2015

IREC2015 the Sixth International Renewable Energy Congress

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Research and analysis of performance improvement of vanadium redox flow battery in microgrid: A technology review

Huang

2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) has the advantages of flexible design, high safety, no cross-contamination, long service life, environmental friendliness, and good performance. VRFB has become the best choice for large-scale electrochemical energy storage. Renewable energy has severely restricted the development and use due to its discontinuous, unstable, and uncontrollable output power. The microgrid (MG) composed of VRFB, wind energy, and photovoltaic renewable energy is an effective solution to the random and intermittent nature of renewable energy. The work analyses the development status and existing problems of renewable energy power generation, VRFB energy storage technology, and microgrid. Without involving the development of the key components of the VRFB, research how to improve the performance of the VRFB to make it in the best operating state in the microgrid. The main contribution of this paper are to combine the application background of the microgrid to improve the overall performance of the battery from the aspects of VRFB modeling, battery structure design optimization, flow field and flow optimization, stack design, thermal treatment, and temperature characteristic distribution. Finally, this review offers insights for improving the performance of VRFBs in microgrids. Highlights• Analysis of renewable energy, energy storage technology, and microgrid framework.• Systematic analysis of the problems of vanadium flow battery in microgrid.• Researched how to improve the overall performance of the vanadium flow battery without developing new component materials.

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The Mechanism and Modelling of Shunt Current in the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

Skyllas‐Kazacos

McCann

et al. 2016

ChemistrySelect

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To date, no physical model has been proposed to describe the mechanism of shunt currents in bipolar electrochemical reactors with a common electrolyte manifold. In this paper, we show that under the influence of the cell voltage driving force, the bipolar electrode provides an internal electrical pathway that allows electrons to flow from the negative half-cell of one cell, to the positive half-cell of the adjacent cell, leading to self-discharge reactions that can occur even when the stack is at open-circuit. This is made possible, by the presence of the interconnecting channels and common electrolyte manifolds that enable the flow of hydrogen or other charge carrying ions to complete the circuit. The larger the number of cells in the cell stack, the larger the number of internal pathways for electrons and protons to flow, so the greater the shunt current losses.[a] Prof.

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Model based examination on influence of stack series connection and pipe diameters on efficiency of vanadium redox flow batteries under consideration of shunt currents

Cited by 48 publications

References 11 publications

Volumetric electrolyte flow rate control in vanadium redox flow batteries using a variable flow factor

Volumetric electrolyte flow rate control in vanadium redox flow batteries using a variable flow factor

Research and analysis of performance improvement of vanadium redox flow battery in microgrid: A technology review

The Mechanism and Modelling of Shunt Current in the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

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