Model-based design of artificial zero power cochlear implant

Zak, Jaromir; Hadaš, Zdeněk; Dušek, Daniel; Pekárek, J; Svatoš, Vojtěch; Janák, Luděk; Prášek, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.mechatronics.2015.04.018

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Although external sources like electromagnetic radiation and ultrasound can be used, TICIs could potentially take advantage of the various ones readily available within the vicinity of the temporal bone. By using single or combining multiple transduction mechanisms, neck muscle contractions, artery pulsations and even temperature gradient between the skin and the core can generate sufficient voltage to maintain activated a TICI [14].…”

Section: Energy Harvesters and Totally Implantable Cochlear Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The remaining obstacles for a totally implantable cochlear implant

Trudel

Morris

2022

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &Amp; Head &Amp; Neck Surgery

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Purpose of the reviewFor years, the development of a totally implantable cochlear implant (TICI) has faced several technical challenges hindering any prototypes from reaching full commercialization. This article aims to review the necessary specifications for a viable TICI. An overview of the remaining challenges when designing TICIs will be provided, focusing on energy supply and implantable microphones. Recent findingsThe literature review highlights how research efforts to generate sufficient power to supply a fully implantable CI could take advantage of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based energy harvesters incorporating piezoelectric materials. Using one of the various energy sources in the vicinity of the temporal bone would allow the development of a self-sufficient implant, overcoming the limitations of electrochemical batteries. Middle ear implantable microphones could also use similar fabrication techniques and transduction mechanisms to meet the sensor requirements for a TICI.

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Section: Energy Harvesters and Totally Implantable Cochlear Implantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The remaining obstacles for a totally implantable cochlear implant

Trudel

Morris

2022

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology &Amp; Head &Amp; Neck Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Depending on the stimulation strategies, the average total power consumption for a CI can be around 10 mW. Žák et al proposed a multidisciplinary ambient energy harvesting system from the combination of thermal gradient, mechanical movement (shocks) and bending movement of neck muscles or arteries in the head area for autonomous powering in a totally implanted CI [43]. For energy harvesting from the mechanical movement, they have suggested the electromagnetic-based electromechanical conversion principle, utilising resonance at the excited mechanical movement/vibration frequency.…”

Section: Energy Harvesting Technologies For Implanted Medical Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The can generate adequate signals to stimulate cochlea at typical eardrum vibrations. Žák et al proposed an array of 24 isolated membranes with different dimensions to detect and filter acoustic signals [43]. The freestanding membrane is made of Si x N y with four AlN piezoelectric elements and gold electrodes placed on top edge of the square Si x N y membrane (Figure 27a).…”

Section: Piezoelectric-based Mechanical Energy Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disadvantage of a commercialised standard microphone lies in its flat frequency response and thus it needs to combine with the high-performance digital speech processor to perform the desired frequency filtering [43]. A bank of selective filters created from an array of transducers or a trapezoidal membrane proposes filtering solution without a speech processor.…”

Section: Piezoelectric-based Mechanical Energy Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanical Energy Sensing and Harvesting in Micromachined Polymer-Based Piezoelectric Transducers for Fully Implanted Hearing Systems: A Review

et al. 2021

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The paper presents a comprehensive review of mechanical energy harvesters and microphone sensors for totally implanted hearing systems. The studies on hearing mechanisms, hearing losses and hearing solutions are first introduced to bring to light the necessity of creating and integrating the in vivo energy harvester and implantable microphone into a single chip. The in vivo energy harvester can continuously harness energy from the biomechanical motion of the internal organs. The implantable microphone executes mechanoelectrical transduction, and an array of such structures can filter sound frequency directly without an analogue-to-digital converter. The revision of the available transduction mechanisms, device configuration structures and piezoelectric material characteristics reveals the advantage of adopting the polymer-based piezoelectric transducers. A dual function of sensing the sound signal and simultaneously harvesting vibration energy to power up its system can be attained from a single transducer. Advanced process technology incorporates polymers into piezoelectric materials, initiating the invention of a self-powered and flexible transducer that is compatible with the human body, magnetic resonance imaging system (MRI) and the standard complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes. The polymer-based piezoelectric is a promising material that satisfies many of the requirements for obtaining high performance implantable microphones and in vivo piezoelectric energy harvesters.

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Self‐Powered Implantable Medical Devices: Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting Review

Zhao

Ghannam

Htet

et al. 2020

Adv Healthcare Materials

126

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Implantable technologies are becoming more widespread for biomedical applications that include physical identification, health diagnosis, monitoring, recording, and treatment of human physiological traits. However, energy harvesting and power generation beneath the human tissue are still a major challenge. In this regard, self‐powered implantable devices that scavenge energy from the human body are attractive for long‐term monitoring of human physiological traits. Thanks to advancements in material science and nanotechnology, energy harvesting techniques that rely on piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity, biofuel, and radio frequency power transfer are emerging. However, all these techniques suffer from limitations that include low power output, bulky size, or low efficiency. Photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion is one of the most promising candidates for implantable applications due to their higher‐power conversion efficiencies and small footprint. Herein, the latest implantable energy harvesting technologies are surveyed. A comparison between the different state‐of‐the‐art power harvesting methods is also provided. Finally, recommendations are provided regarding the feasibility of PV cells as an in vivo energy harvester, with an emphasis on skin penetration, fabrication, encapsulation, durability, biocompatibility, and power management.

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Model-based design of artificial zero power cochlear implant

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

The remaining obstacles for a totally implantable cochlear implant

The remaining obstacles for a totally implantable cochlear implant

Mechanical Energy Sensing and Harvesting in Micromachined Polymer-Based Piezoelectric Transducers for Fully Implanted Hearing Systems: A Review

Self‐Powered Implantable Medical Devices: Photovoltaic Energy Harvesting Review

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