Model-assisted development of microfabricated 3D Ni(OH) 2 electrodes with rapid charging capabilities

3D lithium ion battery fabrication via scalable stacked multilayer electrodeposition

“…The performance data of the batteries tested in this work are on par with cells built via 3D opal or nanorod approaches or via solid state thin films [14,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25], which indicates that benefits of the thin film electrodeposition and nanoscale morph ology of the active materials are not lost when incorporated into the larger structure. While the energy density achieved is lower than macro scale cylindrical or pouch cell batteries due to lower active material loading, the power performance is about a factor of two or three higher.…”

“…In turn, the thickness of each material in the electrode is deterministically controlled by the electrodeposition process, and the overall volume can be tuned to provide outputs for specific application needs. The benefits of deterministic engineering of battery electrodes was demonstrated in [24], where precise electrode thickness control and optimized geometries via modeling led to increased power performance. However, the fabrication was limited in vertical scale and to anodes only.…”

Advances in micro lithium-ion batteries for on-chip and wearable applications

“…The other main fabrication methods is deposition [37], including magnetron sputtering [54,55], electron beam evaporation [56,57], chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [58,59], physical vapor deposition (PVD) [58,60], electrodeposition (ED) [61][62][63], sol-gel deposition [64], PLD [65][66][67], ESD [68,69], etc. Among them, atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a typical CVD [70,71].…”

“…Complex 3D structures are prepared as supports or collectors by sputtering, vapor deposition, electrochemical coating, sol-gel, etc, followed by the loading of source electrodes or electrolytes. Huang et al proposed the 3D nickel hydroxide electrodes based on wellordered and laminated structures by microfabrication technologies, which achieve high areal capacities of 2.43 mAh cm −2 and high rate performance of 50% capacity retention at 150 • C [63]. Based on symmetric AAO templates, Liu et al built a full battery comprising an array of nanotubular electrodes, connected in parallel to form an all-in-one device [103].…”

2D nanoporous Ni(OH)2 film as an electrode material for high-performance energy storage devices

“…[7][8][9] However, the apparent disadvantage of electrochemical supercapacitors is their low energy density. Therefore, pseudocapacitive materials with faradaic charge storage have attracted increasing interest, such as transition metal oxides, 10,11 hydroxides, 12,13 and conducting polymers, 14,15 providing fast reversible faradaic redox reactions. However, pseudocapacitance involving multiple redox reactions oen suffers from low performance and a lack of cycling stability, mainly caused by the low electric conductivity and rapid decay of the electroactive surface area resulting from the instability of the microstructure/morphology upon fast and repeated charging/discharging.…”